44th Infantry Regiment

Nickname: Ellsworth Avengers; People's Ellsworth Regiment

Mustered in: August 30, 1861 to September 24, 1861.
Mustered out: October 11, 1864.

**The following is taken from New York in the War of the Rebellion, 3rd ed. Frederick Phisterer. Albany: J. B. Lyon Company, 1912.**

This regiment, Col. Stephen W. Stryker, was recruited under the auspices of the Ellsworth Association of the State of New York. The original plan was to obtain from every ward and town of the State one man; this plan was not adhered to, but later more than one enlistment was allowed to each, and the counties of Albany and Erie furnished each two companies, and Herkimer county one company. The men reported individually at Albany, where the regiment was organized under orders from the State dated October 15, 1861. The companies were mustered in the service of the United States for three years, A, E, C, D and E August 30; F and G September 6; H and I September 15, and K September 24, 1861. September 20, 1862, Companies C and E were merged into the others, and replaced by new companies, recruited at Albany, October 21, 1862. New Company E was also known as the Normal School Company. In June, 1863, the three years' men of the 14th and 25th Infantries joined the regiment by transfer. September 23, 1864, the men not entitled to be mustered out with the regiment were formed into a battalion, and October 11, 1864, this battalion was transferred to the 140th Infantry (266 enlisted men), and the 146th Infantry (183 enlisted men).
The regiment left the State October 21, 1861; served in the 3d Brigade, 1st Division, Army of the Potomac, from October 26, 1861; in the 3d Brigade, 1st Division, 3d Corps, Army of the Potomac, from March, 1862; in the 3d Brigade, 1st Division, 5th Corps, Army of the Potomac, from May, 1862, and it was honorably discharged and mustered out, under Col. Freeman Conner, October 11, 1864, at Albany.
During its service the regiment lost by death, killed in action, 5 officers, 120 enlisted men; of wounds received in action, 1 officer, 62 enlisted men; of disease and other causes, 2 officers, 145 enlisted men; total, 8 officers, 327 enlisted men; aggregate, 335; of whom 15 enlisted men died in the hands of the enemy.

The following is taken from The Union army: a history of military affairs in the loyal states, 1861-65 -- records of the regiments in the Union army -- cyclopedia of battles -- memoirs of commanders and soldiers. Madison, WI: Federal Pub. Co., 1908. volume II.

Forty-fourth Infantry.—Cols., Stephen W. Stryker, James C. Rice, Freeman Conner; Lieut.-Cols., James C. Rice, Edward P. Chapin, Freeman Conner, Edward B. Knox; Majs., Stephen W. Stryker, James McKown, Edward P. Chapin, Freeman Conner, Edward B. Knox, Campbell Allen. The 44th regiment, known as Ellsworth's Avengers, was organized at Albany under the auspices of the Ellsworth association of the State of New York, which planned to raise a memorial regiment to be composed of one man from each town and ward, unmarried, not over 30 years of age or under 5 feet, 8 inches in height, and of military experience. This plan was adhered to as far as possible and two companies from Albany county, two from Erie county, one from Herkimer county, and a large number of scattered squads reported at Albany in response to the request. These companies were mustered into the service of the United States at Albany in Aug. and Sept., 1861, for three years, and two new companies from Albany were mustered in Oct. 21, 1862. The regiment, numbering 1,061 men, left Albany on Oct. 21, 1861, for Washington and upon its arrival there was assigned to the 3d brigade, 1st division, later with the 5th corps. Camp was established on Oct. 28, at Hall's hill, Va., and the winter was passed there with routine duties. On March 10, 1862, the regiment led the advance to Centerville, but soon returned to Fairfax and proceeded thence to Yorktown, arriving on April 1. From May 5 to 19, the 44th garrisoned Fort Magruder; then moved to Games' mill; was engaged at Hanover Court House, with the loss of 86 killed, wounded and missing; participated in the Seven Days' battles with a total loss of 56 at Gaines' mill and 99 at Malvern Hill, out of 225 engaged in the last named battle. Returning to Alexandria, the regiment moved by way of Fortress Monroe to Manassas, and in the battle of Aug. 30 lost 71 killed, wounded or missing. It was in reserve at Antietam; was active at Shepherdstown, and Fredericksburg; shared in the hardships of Burnside's "Mud March," and returned to winter quarters at Stoneman's switch, near Falmouth. Camp was broken on April 27, 1863, for the Chancellorsville campaign, the 44th being in the lead during the general movement of the army and sharing in the fighting, after which it returned for a short rest to the camp at Stoneman's switch. In June, the veterans of the 14th and 25th N. Y. were added to the 44th. At Gettysburg the regiment was posted on the left of the line and joined in the defense of Little Round Top, where it met with its greatest loss—111 killed, wounded and missing. After spending some weeks in camp at Emmitsburg, the command was present at the battle of Bristoe Station, active at Rappahannock Station and in the Mine Run campaign, and went into winter quarters at Brandy Station. In Dec., 1863, a large number of the men reenlisted and rejoined the regiment in camp after their veteran furlough. May, 1864, was the month of the memorable Wilderness campaign, in which the regiment served faithfully, suffering most severely at the Wilderness and at Bethesda Church. By this time the regiment had become greatly reduced in numbers by hard service and the loss in this campaign, while not so large in numbers as in previous battles, was even greater in proportion to the number of men engaged. The regiment was active in the first assault on Petersburg in June, 1864, at the Weldon railroad, and at Poplar Spring Church. On Oct. 11 , 1864, the 44th was mustered out at Albany and the veterans and recruits were consolidated into a battalion, of which 266 men were transferred to the 140th and 183 to the 146th N. Y. The total strength of the regiment was 1,585, of whom 188 died during the term of service from wounds received in action, and 147 died from accident, imprisonment or disease. The total loss in killed, wounded and missing was 730. The men chosen for this command were of the flower of the state and displayed their heroism on many a desperately contested field, where they won laurels for themselves. and for their state. Col. Fox numbers the 44th among the "three hundred fighting regiments."

44th Regiment NY Volunteer Infantry | National Color | Civil War

The 44th Regiment received its second national color, seen here, on January 16, 1863, as a gift from Mrs. Erastus Corning. First Division commanding…

NYSMM Online Resources

Battles and Casualties from Phisterer (pdf)
Battles and Casualties from Phisterer (spreadsheet)

Muster Roll

Unit Roster

Battles and Casualties -Table from Phisterer (PDF format)

Battles and Casualties -Table from Phisterer (MS Excel format)

Civil War Newspaper Clippings
Pages 1 - 10
Pages 11 - 20
Pages 21 - 30
Pages 31 - 40
Pages 41 - 50
Pages 51 - 60
Pages 61 - 70
Pages 71 - 78
Pages 79 - 88
Pages 89 - 96

Historical Sketch

Monument at Gettysburg

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Other Resources

This is meant to be a comprehensive list. If, however, you know of a resource that is not listed below, please send an email to ng.ny.nyarng.list.historians@army.mil with the name of the resource and where it is located. This can include photographs, letters, articles and other non-book materials. Also, if you have any materials in your possession that you would like to donate, the museum is always looking for items specific to New York's military heritage. Thank you.

Adsit, Henry H. The Diary of Henry Harrison Adsit, Sept. 1861 to Dec. 1863: A member of the 44th New York Volunteers "Ellsworth's Zouaves."

Ballou, Charles F. Civil War Miscellaneous Collection
(Enlisted man's diary, Oct 21, 1861-Apr 19, 1862)
Located at the Military History Institute in Carlisle, PA.

Bennett, Edward. BrakeColl
(Lt's letters, Feb 7 & 10, 1888; Hist & roster of regiment)
Located at the Military History Institute in Carlisle, PA.

Bevier, Isaac. Letter, 5 July 1862.
6 pages.
Letter, 5 July 1862, from Isaac Bevier (b. ca. 1842) of Company E, 44th New York Infantry Regiment, to his parents describing the Seven Days’ Battles including Gaines’ Mill and Malvern Hill. He discusses the fighting and a flag that his regiment captured as well as news of camp life, including some souvenirs he and others have picked up.
Accession 45071. Located at the Library of Virginia in Richmond, Virginia.
Thank you to Ed Worman for pointing out this resource.

Bevier, Isaac. Letter, 15 September 1862.
7 pages.
Letter, 15 September 1862, from Isaac Bevier of Company E, 44th New York Infantry, to his parents detailing the second battle of Manassas (Bull Run), his wounding, and his stay in the hospital including work as a nurse. He also comments on the campaigning leading up to the battle of Antietam. Also includes a casualty list for the 44th New York.
Accession 45221. Located at the Library of Virginia in Richmond, Virginia.
Thank you to Ed Worman for pointing out this resource.

Bridgman, Charles De Witt. Sermon commemorative of Justin R. Huntley, delivered October 23, 1864. Albany: Weed, Parsons and co., printers, 1865.

Brown, Orsell C. Papers, 1861-1881.
Description: 225 Items
Abstract: The collection comprises three boxes, or approximately 225 items, which include biographical material, correspondence, military records, and photographs. Most of the papers relate to Orsell C. Brown's service in the Quartermasters Department of the 44th New York Volunteers, Regiment of Infantry, during the Civil War, 1861-1865. This regiment was known as Ellsworth's Avengers and saw action at Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Petersburg. His personal experiences in these campaigns are described in the letters to his sister, Olivia A. Brown. Throughout there is frequent mention of friends and New York soldiers.
Located at the New York State Library Manuscripts and Special Collections.

Brown, William H. and George W. Brown. Letters, 1861-1865.
Description: 25 items.
Abstract: Letters written to members of his family, chiefly to his brother George W. Brown of Fort Plain, N.Y., describing his service with the 44th New York Volunteers in the Army of the Potomac during the Civil War. A letter dated Nov. 24, 1861 mentions a review by President Lincoln. A letter of Dec. 27, 1862 refers to the Battle of Fredericksburg. A letter of July 7, 1863 describes participation in the Battle of Gettysburg. Letters of June and August 1864 describe campaigning under Gen. U.S. Grant in Virginia, including action in the Wilderness at the "Crater" and on the Weldon Railroad. A letter of April 15, 1865 describes Philadelphia in mourning for President Lincoln. A letter of October 3, 1865 details his war services.
Located at Brown University.

Burdick, Henry D. EarlHessColl
(Lt's letter, Mar 7, 1862) Owned by the United States Army Heritage and Education Center in Carlisle,PA.

Campbell-Mumford Papers, 1719-1891.
Description: ca. 2, 500 items. Correspondence & papers. 51 v. Court min., etc
Abstract: A collection of some 2,500 items and 51 volumes: the first half of the collection covers the period 1719-1891 and is from the archives of the jurist and historian, Judge William W. Campbell of Cherry Valley, New York; the second part consists mainly of the business papers of Benjamin Maverick Mumford (1772-1843), an insurance broker and ship owner of New York City and Schenectady, N.Y. Included in the collection is a volume containing letters of John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, William H. Seward, Martin Van Buren, Daniel Webster, and others. Also included: correspondence and papers, mostly relating to the Civil War service of Douglas, Cleaveland J., and Lewis A. Campbell with the following regiments - 44th, 121st, 152nd N.Y.S. Vols. and 1st N.Y. Vol. Cavalry
Located at the New York Historical Society, New York, NY.

Civil War Collection, 1861-1960.
Military documents, letters, diaries, and narratives of local soldiers and regiments include twenty-eight notebooks listing Civil War soldiers and their military records by township; narrative account of Cattaraugus soldiers by Bill Snyder; correspondence and financial records of G.D. Bayard Post No. 222 of G.A.R., 1894-1921; notebook on G.A.R. posts in the county; narrative account of 64th New York Volunteer Infantry with diary entries, 1861-64, by Martin Sigman; two volumes on service records of Cattaraugus County Civil Warveterans; manuscript copies of letters to Mary S. Matteson Daily from Elisha C. and Daniel M. Matteson, 1861-65; typed copies of letters of Kimball Pearson, 1862-64. Also original letters and typed copies of Edward F. Pratt to his brothers Truman and Albert and his sister Charlotte Pratt, 1861-64; record of soldiers and sailors from Town of Allegany, prepared by Nathan Allen Dye, 1865; scrapbook on Civil War with military documents of 44th Regiment, 1861-65; diary of George D. Reed of 44th Regiment, 1864; diary of H.H. Adsit, 44th Regiment, 1864; military papers of Col. Eugene A. Nash, 1861-64, including one letter requesting permission to raise and command a regiment of colored troops; diaries of Col. Nash, 1861-64; and two letters relating to Nash's history of the 44th Regiment, 1909.
Located at the Cattaraugus County Museum and Research Library.

Company of Military Historians. Military Uniforms in America. Vol. 3: Long Endure: The Civil War Period, 1852-1867. Novato, CA: Presidio, 1982.
See pp. 64-65 (2 photocopied pages) for a sketch and description of the unit uniform.

Conklin, Philo. JohnsonFamily
(Enlisted man's letters, Jul 31, 1863-Apr 25, 1865)
Located at the Military History Institute in Carlisle, PA.

Conner, Freeman. MurraySmithColl
(Enlisted man's letter, Jul 11, 1863)
Located at the Military History Institute in Carlisle, PA.

Dorn, John H. John Dorn Letters, September 1862 : 44th New York Volunteer Infantry. September 1862.

Dougall, James S. Letter, 1862 January 3.
Description: 4 pages
Abstract: "...In the afternoon we had a comic battalion drill. This was done contrary to our wishes but as Gen. Butterfield was in New York on Christmas and did not see the performance then, it was done by his special request...Frank Leslies artist was present...The news of the release of Mason and Slidell, was received here among the troops, with a good deal of dissatisfaction. England seems inclined to pick a quarrel with us, and she has humbled us a little in this, she will no doubt soon try it in some other way." Letter written at Camp Butterfield to his sister, Annie.
Notes: Dougall was in the 44th Regiment, New York State Volunteers under Col. S.W. Stryker during the U.S. Civil War.
Located at the New York State Library Manuscripts and Special Collections.

Eddy, Valora d. "Diary of ...4th Corporal, Company A, Forty-forth regiment N.Y.S.V." Fifth Annual report of the New York state bureau of military statistics. Albany: 1868, 631-61.

Elmer E. Ellsworth lithograph, 1861.
Description:1 Item
Abstract: Print of Elmer E. Ellsworth, colonel of the First New York Fire Zouaves
Preferred citation: Elmer E. Ellsworth Lithograph, 2003.92,
Located at the Onondaga Historical Association

Evans, Gideon. Gideon Evans papers, 1861-1863.
Description: 1 folder
Abstract: Letter home from a Civil War soldier, including close and humorous observations of a soldier's life
Notes:Bio/History:Member of Ellsworth's Avengers, or People's Ellsworth Regiment
Preferred citation:Gideon Evans Papers, OHA 7039, Onondaga Historical Association

?, Frank. 44th New York Infantry, Co.H.
Letters (1861). 2 items.
Collection Call Number: 20568.
Letters sent to his mother regarding his duties in the company commissary department.
Located at the New York State Library Manuscripts and Special Collections.

Ferris, Lanson S. Letter, 2 January 1862.
4 pages.
Letter, 2 January 1862, from a soldier in the 44th New York Infantry, possibly Lanson S. Ferris, describing a mock parade in which the soldiers dressed up in comical uniforms; mentioning he had tracked down a friend in another regiment; commenting on a skirmish between Union and Confederate forces at Dranesville, Virginia; expressing his disappointment in the outcome of the Trent Affair and his feelings towards Jefferson Davis and other rebels; and ending with remarks about friends.
Accession 51381. Located at the Library of Virginia in Richmond, Virginia.
Thank you to Ed Worman for pointing out this resource.

"From the Tribune's Special Correspondent, Camp at Berkley's Landing, Va." Republican Advocate, Batavia, Genesee County, New York: Tuesday, July 15-1862. page 1.
Camp at estate; home of former Benj. Harrison, signer of Declaration of Independence; description of Harrison's Landing; Incidents of battles; week's events.

"From the Ellsworth Regiment." : Head Quarters People's Ellsworth Regiment, Albany, N.Y., Oct. 4, 1861." Chenango Telegraph. October 9, 1861.

Frothingham, William Walter and John Pierre Frothingham. William Frothingham papers, 1861-1935, bulk (1861-1870).
Description: .25 linear foot (1 box).
Abstract: Collection consists of family correspondence during Frothingham's Civil War service with George B. McClellan's and John Pope's armies in Virginia during the Peninsular Campaign and at the second Battle of Bull Run, describing battles, hardships of camp life, and medical aid on the battlefields and in hospitals; commissions, sick reports, and other military papers; and miscellaneous notes relating to the Frothingham family. Also, a 1935 typewritten volume entitled "Genealogy of the Frothingham Family and Its Connections" by John P. Frothingham.
Bio/History: William Walter Frothingham (1830-1885) was a surgeon serving with the 44th Regiment of the New York Volunteers during the U.S. Civil War.
General Info: Collection guide available is available here: http://www.nypl.org/research/chss/spe/rbk/faids/frothingham.pdf
Located at the New York Public Library.

Gay, James D. Death of Col. Elmer E. Ellsworth / Composed by James D. Gay-Ringgold Artillery.
Description: 1 broadside (1 item on 1 sheet): col. ill. ; ca. 25 x 16 cm.
Notes: First line: True Union men, attention give./ Without music./ Date based on internal evidence - Ellsworth was killed May 24, 1861 & The Ellsworth Avengers [44th New York Infantry] was formed August 1861./ Blue & red-inked portrait of Ellsworth, beneath title, with American flags./ "Air--'Auld Lang Syne.'"--beneath statement of responsibility./ Text of song sheet, printed in blue, within blue decorative border, in six eleven-line stanzas./ "Ellsworth's Last Letter. 'Head Quarters, First Zouaves, Camp Lincoln, Washington, May 23. . . ."--beneath text./ At foot of song sheet: "Entered according to an Act of Congress, in the Clerk's Office of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania."/ OCLC song sheet edition # 45956076 (1861) credits date./ CPM song sheet inscribed "1540.F", in lower right corner.
Access: http://popmusic.mtsu.edu/dbtw-wpd/textbase/broadsides.htm

Graham, Robert H., b. 1865. Yates County's "boys in blue", 1861-1865 : who they were, what they did. Penn Yan, N.Y. s.n, 1926.

Grannis, Charles, D. 1861-1862,1901. Miscelany,.
Description: 0.1 c.f. (1 folder)
Abstract: Miscellaneous items of Grannis related to his time in the 44th Regiment New York Volunteers including a narrative of his capture on June 27, 1862 and imprisonment in Libby Prison, Richmond, Va. where he describes his work in the prison hospital; letters, 1862, written from Libby Prison reassuring his family that he was well; a diary, 1863, describing the military actions of his battalion; newsclippings giving accounts of his company's battle engagements and his death at Alamo, Mich., 1901; and miscellaneous notes.
Located at the University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh. (?)

Harris, Erastus L. Experiences of Lieut. Erastus L. Harris, Co. A. 44th N.Y.V. as taken from letters written to his sweetheart, later his wife during the war of 1861-1865.
Description: 115 leaves ; 30 cm.
Abstract: Letters, arranged, edited and transcribed by the author's son, Gilbert Harris of Collins, N.Y., in 1925, according to personal letter bound in.
Notes: Photocopy on heavy glossy "xerox" paper; some fading of copy surface; bound in brown board post-type binder with metal fastener and open spine./ Bio/History:
"[Erastus L. Harris] enlisted at the age of 29 - Aug. 8, 1861, as a private. He was made Corp. Aug. 30, 1861, Serg't Sept. 24th 1862, was discharged Nov. 18, 1863 for promotion to 2nd Lieut. 9th U.S. Colored Infantry. Resigned as 1st Lieut. U.S.C.I. at close of the war Aug. 22, 1865. Died at his home in Collins Nov. 21, 1901."
Located at Western Washington University.

Historic Blenheim and the Civil War Interpretive Center. Identified Union soldier signatures on the Blenheim Attic and House Walls.
ANGUS, Walter, Pvt., Co. K; BROADWAY, Gilbert T., Pvt., Co. B; BRYANT, Henry D., Pvt., Co. D; FISHBECK, Charles A., Drummer, Co. A; FISHER, Henry J., Pvt., Co. B; HERENDEEN, George B., Sgt. Major, Field & Staff; JUDSON, Hiram A., Pvt., Co. B; PHILLIPS, Amos, Pvt., Co. B; RICE, Horace N., Pvt., Co. C
For more information please visit their web site.

Houck, John L.Papers 1863-1865.
Description:65 Items.
Abstract: The collection consists exclusively of letters by Houck to his wife and children. The correspondence describes military life and discusses current events as well as family matters.
Notes: Houck was born on August 14, 1829 in Clarksville, Albany County, N.Y. He was a farmer in Clarksville. In September 1862 he enlisted as a musician in the New York State Volunteers. He served in the 44th and the 140th regiments and was mustered out of the service on June 3, 1865.
Located at the New York State Library Manuscripts and Special Collections.

Howard, William F. The William F. Howard papers1855-1895.
Description: 1 box
Abstract: Contains the following types of materials: correspondence, clippings, diary / journal, speech. Contains information pertaining to the following war: Civil War. Contains information pertaining to the following military units: 127th New York Infantry; 1st Tennessee Heavy Artillery; Forrest Cavalry; 44th New York Infantry Regiment. General description of the collection: The William F. Howard papers include Civil War and late 19th century typed transcripts of letters and diaries plus clippings from various people. Includes diary of A.C. Anderson (1863); transcript of letter from General Braxton Bragg to General Samuel Cooper and General Marcus J. Wright (1882); typescript of letter to General Dabney Maury from Nathan B. Forrest; letter of George B . Walcott; speech of E.B. Washburne (1860) and letters from Julia Dent Grant.
Located at the Military History Institute in Carlisle, PA.

Hudson, A.L. Ellsworth’s avengers. New York, NY; Charles Magnus
Description: 1 broadside (1 item on 1 sheet): col. ill. ; ca. 20.5 x 12.5 cm.
Notes: First line: Down where the patriot army./ Without music./ Charles Magnus is listed at 12 Frankfort St. in New York City directories for 1861 through 1867./ Colonel Elmer Ellsworth was killed May 24, 1861. The Ellsworth Avengers [44th New York Infantry] was formed August 1861./ "AIR.-- Annie Lisle."--beneath title./ Song lettersheet text in blue; one over two columns; lined on verso; cropped at fold; five eight-line stanzas, each with chorus, beneath headpiece displaying hand-colored illustration of the Marshall House, Alexandria, Va., and shooting of Col. Ellsworth./ "Published by Chas Magnus, 12 Frankfort St., NY"--beneath headpiece./ At foot: "Ten illustrated Songs on Notepaper, mailed to any Address on receipt of 50 Cents."/ Several CMP sheet music editions (earliest 1861 , #004012-CPMLG) cite Coe as composer and Hudson as lyricist.
Located at the Center for Popular Music, MTSU (Tenn.),
Available at: http://popmusic.mtsu.edu/dbtw-wpd/textbase/broadsides.htm

Hunter, Christopher. A Civil War Private: James Woodworth of the Forty-fourty New York and the Family He Left Behind. 2000. Master's Thesis.

Johnson. Johnson Family Papers 1860-1934.
Description: 1 Box
Abstract: Contains the following type of materials: correspondence. Contains information pertaining to the following war and time period: Civil War -- Eastern Theater; 1865-1897. Contains information pertaining to the following military units: 1st New York Sharpshooter Battalion; 4th, 8th, and 16th New York Heavy Artillery Regiments; 44th, 126th, 140th and 148th New York Infantry Regiments; Dept. of Virginia; Army of the Potomac (either the II or the VI Corps and probably the V Corps). General description of the collection: The Johnson Family papers include enlisted man's letters; letters from camp, Petersburg, Centreville, Suffolk, Norfolk, Yorktown, Warrenton; letters from civilians, during and after the war, around Naples, Ontario County, New York letter about Confederate money. Campaigns: Suffolk, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spotsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Appomattox; unknown New York unit (V), 1863 and Corps II, VI, 1865.
Located at the Military History Institute in Carlisle, PA.

Kelley, Frank - HCWRTColl-GACColl
(Sgt's letter, Sep 22, 1862)
Located at the Military History Institute in Carlisle, PA.

Kinner, Royal George. Diaries and Letters of Royal George Kinner. Unpublished.
Original located at Yates County Historical Society.

Knox, Edward Burgin. "The capture of Alexandria and death of Ellsworth (read March 4, 1885)." MOLLUS-Ill II, 9-10.

Kowalis, Jeffrey J.; Kowalis, Loree L. ; (Loree Levitt) Died at Gettysburg! : "no prouder epitaph need any man covet" : illustrated biographies of the Union casualties at Gettysburg. Hightstown, NJ: Longstreet House, 1998.

MacLaughlin, Henry Connor, et al. Walter King Hoover Collection 1810-1949 bulk 1861-1865.
Description: 290 items
Abstract: Documents, primarily from the Civil War, collected by Walter King Hoover. Includes slave bills of sale, 1810-1857, for Tennessee, South Carolina, and Georgia; correspondence by Union and Confederate soldiers; and military records. Prominent among Confederate correspondents is Major Henry Connor MacLaughlin (1833-1870) of Nashville, Tennessee, a member of the Vicksburg Light Artillery Regiment who saw action at the siege of Ft. Pickens and spent months as a prisoner of war at Camp Chase, Ohio. Seven letters of James A. Hall, 1862-1864, Quartermaster, 24th Alabama Infantry, describe activities near Murfreesboro, Tennessee and in the Atlanta campaign. Five letters of Thomas B. Hall of Montgomery, Ala. describe campaigns of Bragg's Army of Tennessee in Mississippi, Tennessee, and Kentucky in 1862. Twelve letters, 1864-1865, of Maj. D.H.C. Spence, District Commissary of Subsistence for West Tennessee, concern supplies for Confederate armies under Forrest and Hood. Correspondence of Union soldiers includes 13 letters (1862-1864) of James Beard, 142nd New York Volunteer Infantry, from camps in Virginia and near Charleston, S.C. Three letters of Amos Fisk, Co. I, 92nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry, describe activities in Middle Tennessee. Ten letters of Charles W. Sayer, 142nd New York Infantry, tell of his stay in army hospitals in Virginia and of regimental activities near Charleston, S.C., 1862-1864. Nine letters of Henry F. Sayer, 44th New York Infantry, also describe activities in Virginia, 1864-1865. Henry Sizeland's three letters in 1864 pertain to his regiment, the 20th New York Cavalry. Three letters of James Whiteford of the 106th New York Infantry give an account of the campaigns near North Mountain and Petersburg, Va., 1863-1864. Other military records includes hospital records for members of Co. A, 7th Rhode Island Infantry, 1863-1865, and quartermaster's records for Co. B, 22nd Virginia Infantry Battalion, CSA, 1864; 30th Virginia Infantry Regiment, CSA, 1862; 4th Rhode Island Infantry Regiment, USA, 1865; and Co. A, 7th Rhode Island Infantry Regiment, USA, 1863-1865.
Located at the Tennessee State Library and Archives.

Maret, George W. "A letter from the front." Edited by Paul J. Engel. NYH XXXIV (1953) 204-10.

Markham, Sylvanus. Civil War discharge, promissory notes, and receipt, 1863-1877.
Description: 1 folder (5 items) ; 28 cm. (0.1 linear ft.)
Abstract: Discharge of Private Sylvanus Markham from Co. H, 44th Infantry, New York State Volunteers, 27 Dec. 1863; three promissory notes of Markham, given at Gowanda, Perrysburg, and Cattaraugus, 1867, 1869; and a receipt for interest, 8 Oct. 1877.
General Info: Preferred citation: Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society Archives, A64-243, Sylvanus Markham, Civil War Discharge, Promissory Notes, and Receipt.

Marraro, Howard Rosario. "Lincoln's Italian volunteers from New York." NYH XXIV (1943) 56-67.

McAfee, Michael J. “Ellsworth’s Avengers ‘…the finest of any…’” Military Images, July/August 2004.

Murray, R.L. New Yorkers in the Civil War. : A Historic Journal: Volume 3. Wolcott, N.Y. Benedum Books, 3 of 6 c2004.

Nash, Eugene Arus. A history of the Forty-fourth regiment, New York volunteer infantry, in the Civil war, 1861-1865. Chicago: R. R. Donnelley & Sons co., 1911. Reprinted in 1988.
Available online at: www.archive.org/details/historyoffortyfo00nash

Nash, Eugene Arus. Address, 1893.
Description: 0.1 c.f. (1 folder)
Abstract: Typewritten copy of the history of the 44th New York Volunteers, by Captain E. A. Nash, read (1893 July 3) at the dedication of the 44th New York monument at Gettysburg.
Located at the Rochester Museum & Science Center-Rochester, NY

O'Brien, Kevin E. "'Stubborn Bravery': The Forgotten 44th New York at Little Round Top." The Gettysburg Magazine 15 (July, 1996) 31-44.

Parsons, Thornton H. "The Education of Lacy Buchan." The Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress. 36 :4 Fall 1979. 365-376.

Phillips, Richard Covel et al. Richard and Rhonda, letters from the Civil War. Rhinebeck, NY: Open Studio Printshop, 1981.

Presentation of sword, & c., to Lieut.-Colonel Rice. [Albany: 1861].

The People's Ellsworth regiment, 44th New York volunteer infantry, by Col. E. A.. Nash. In History of Cattaraugus county, New York. 1879.

Proceedings of the 44th Ellsworth N.Y. veteran association, on the occasion of their re-union, held at Martin's hall. Albany, N.Y., Aug. 8 and 9, 1871. Albany: Van Benthuysen print house, 1871.

Proceedings of the Forty-fourth Ellsworth New York veteran association at their reunion and fiftieth anniversary of the organization of the Regiment, held at Albany, New York, August 8 and 9, 1911. Albany: [J. B. Lyon co., printers, 1911].

“Rail Splitter Auction Closes June 10” Antiques and the Arts Weekly, May 21, 2004.

Rice, James Clay and Erastus Corning. Letter: to Erastus Corning, 1862.
Description: 1 item (1 leaf) ; 20 x 26 cm.
Abstract: Holograph letter written in New York City asking if Erastus Corning had received a package he had sent
General Info: Use of the collection is unrestricted./ Use governed by UCSB Special Collections policy.
Cite as: [Identification of item], James C. Rice. Letter. Wyles SC 362,
Located at the Department of Special Collections, Davidson Library, University of California, Santa Barbara

Rosenkranz, Frasier - Civil War Miscellaneous CollectionCWMiscColl
(Enlisted man's letters, Oct 13-Apr 28, 1864)
Located at the Military History Institute in Carlisle, PA.

Ryan, James G. "Debunking the Myth of Butterfield's Twins." Blue & Gray Magazine (Jul 1996): pp. 34-39 (6 photocopied pages). Per.

Sentell family. Diaries and letters, 1856-1897.
Description: 4 v. 97 items
Abstract: Diaries (December, 1862-October, 1864) of Edward H. Sentell and letters (1856-1897) of various family members. Diaries include detailed entries by Edward Sentell while serving as Lieutenant in the 160th N.Y.S.V. He describes his voyage to Fort Jefferson, Florida and New Orleans, activities on the Red River in Louisiana, his voyage on the steamer Leary to Virginia in July, 1864, and his stay in Maryland and Virginia until October, 1864 when the entries stop. One box of letters are mostly Civil War letters of William H. Sentell while a sergeant in the 44th N.Y.S.V. in Virginia and as major in the 160th in Louisiana; and Charles Sentell, a soldier in the 111th N.Y.S.V. in Virginia. The postwar letters concern such matters as farming, relatives in Wisconsin, private affairs, etc.
Notes: Sentell family of Sodus, Wayne County, New York
General Info: Access: open to qualified researchers at The New-York Historical Society./ This collection is owned by The New-York Historical Society. Permission to publish materials must be obtained in writing from the Library Director of The New-York Historical Society, 170 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024
Located at the New York Historical Society, New York, NY.

Silo, Mark. Ellsworth Avenger: Private Abram H. Smith, 44th New York. 1989-90.
No further information.

Smith, Abram H. 44th New York Infantry, Co. B.
Letters (photocopies) (1861-1862). 30 items.
Collection Call Number: 19390.
These letters provide information on the assembling of troops at Albany, New York; the journey by rail to Washington, D.C. and winter encampment nearby, and the march to Yorktown, Virginia where the regiment was involved in a major battle
Located at the New York State Library Manuscripts and Special Collections.

Sprague, Charles E. "In the company street." 1893. MOLLUS-ILL II 126-39.

Stevens, John G. "Letter from John G. Stevens, Civil War Soldier, Ellsworth Avengers." Chenango Telegraph. January 8, 1862.

Thompson, A. Papers, 1864.
Description: 4 items
Abstract: Consists of 3 passes issued to Thompson and an unsigned diary concerning movements from Chattanooga, Tenn., to Atlanta, Ga., May 4-Sept. 8, 1864.
Notes: Forms record group 274.
Located at Auburn University.

Todd, Frederick Porter and George Woodbridge. "44th New York volunteer infantry regiment (People's Ellsworth regiment), 1861-1864." Military collector & historian XI (1959) 10.

Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the 44th Regt. N.Y. Vol. Infantry, Organized Aug. 8th, 1861:Silver Reunion Excersises of the Peoples’s Ellsworth Regiment, Leland Opera House, Tuesday eve., Auguest 10 1886, Albany, N.Y. Albany, N.Y.:The regiment, 1886. [4 pages].
Located at the New York State Library Manuscripts and Special Collections.

United States. Army. New York Infantry Regiment, 44th (1861-1865) Proceedings of the forty-fourth Ellsworth New York Veteran Association : at their reunion and fiftieth anniversary of the organization of the regiment, held at Albany, New York, August 8 and 9, 1911. Albany: Van Benthuysen Printing House, 1871.

Veteran Association of the Forty-fourth Ellsworth New York. Proceedings of the forty-fourth Ellsworth New York Veteran Association : at their reunion and fiftieth anniversary of the organization of the regiment, held at Albany, New York, August 8 and 9, 1911. [Albany?] Committee of the Forty-fourth New York Veteran Association, J.B. Lyon Co., Printers, 1911.

Walcott, George B. WmHowardColl
(Enlisted man's letters, Mar 10 & 17, 1863)
Located at the Military History Institute in Carlisle, PA.

Warner, Corydon O. Corydon O. Warner Collection.
Donated by Suzanne Warner Jackson.
Set 1 - Letters from Corydon 'Cory' Warner to his sister, September 1861 - October 1864
Set 2 - Letters re: Warner Family Reunion (24 pages)
Set 3 - Warner Diary, October 1861 - October 1864

Watson, Winslow C. 1803-1884. (Winslow Cossoul) The military and civil history of the county of Essex, New York : and a general survey of its physical geography, its mines and minerals, and industrial pursuits, embracing an account of the northern wilderness : and also the military annals of the fortresses of Crown Point and Ticonderoga. [Ithaca, NY] Cornell University Library Digital Collections, [1995]

Wheeler, John. John Wheeler Letters, 1864-1864.
Description: 1 Folder
Abstract: This collection consists of Civil War letters from John L. Wheeler to his family in Cattaraugus County, New York. Wheeler describes his experiences in the 44th New York Infantry and in convalescent camp.
A finding aid is at http://www.msu.edu/unit/msuarhc/findaid/c006.html
Located at Michigan State University Museum

White, Andrew Dickson, 1832-1918. Presentation of sword, &c., to Lieut.-Colonel Rice : Presentation of sword, &c., to Lieut. Geo. W. Warren. October 19, 1861; November 2, 1861.

Wilber, Roger A. Teacher, soldier, doctor: the life of John H. Wilber, M.D.(1839-1896). Ravena, NY. 2002.

Williams, Robert A. "'A Fair Specimen of an American Regiment.'" Military Images Magazine (Jan/Feb 2003): pp. 13-15.

Wilson, Daniel J. "Letter from the Ellsworth Regiment." Chenango American. December 26, 1861.

Wilson, Daniel J. "Letter from the Ellsworth Regiment - Christmas in 1861." Chenango American. January 9, 1862.

Wolcott, Walter, 1859. The military history of Yates County, N.Y. : comprising a record of the services rendered by citizens of this county in the army and navy, from the foundation of the government to the present time. Penn Yan, N.Y. Express Book and Job Print. House, 1895.

Wood, Bradford Ripley. Chattanooga; or, Lookout mountain and Missionary ridge from Moccasin point. [U. S. Veteran Signal Corps Association, 1907].

Woodbridge, George; Todd, Frederick P. Company of Military Historians. "44th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment (People's Ellsworth Regiment), 1861-1864." Military uniforms in America : Long Endure: The Civil War Period, 1852-1867. San Rafael, CA: Presidio Press, 3 of 4 1982. 62-63.

Woodworth, Charles A. Papers 1861-1926.
Description: 1 box (0.25 cubic ft.)
Abstract: Papers consist chiefly of letters and other documents related to Woodworth's military service during the Civil War. Many of the documents relate to his filing for pension benefits. Also includes papers related to the history of the 44th New York Volunteers, which was known as "Ellsworth's Avengers".
Located at the New York State Library Manuscripts and Special Collections.

Woodworth, James R. Papers, 1862-1864.
Description: ca. 142 items
Abstract: Civil War letters and diaries of James R. Woodworth, Union soldier in Company E, 44th Regiment, New York Volunteers, describing the Battles of Fredicksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg, giving accounts of troop movements and conditions and reflecting Woodworth's interest and concern in his home and family at Seneca Falls, N.Y.
Notes: Papers from the Lawrence E. Hotchkiss collection at the William L. Clements Library, Ann Arbor, Mich.

Woodworth, James R. and Phebe Woodworth. Papers, 1862 September- 1864 May.
Description: 134 items
Abstract: The Woodworth Papers consist of 122 letters written by James Woodworth to his wife Phebe during the period of his army service, five letters written from Phebe to James, and two letters from relatives. There are possible small gaps in the correspondence, most notably in the late winter and early spring, 1864. The collection also contains four of Woodworth's war-time diaries, covering the period from shortly after his arrival in Virginia in October, 1862 to a few days before his death in 1864. Diary entries are brief, but provide an excellent supplement to his lengthier letters to his wife. The diaries appear to have been written with the idea that his family would read them, and they often provide information not specifically mentioned in the letters or that expands upon the letters. Highlights of the collection include an entertaining and detailed "tour" of a hospital tent near Fredericksburg, a humorous discussion of body lice, a superb description of the Battle of Fredericksburg, discussions of conversations with enemy pickets and looting plantations, and a lengthy letter in which Woodworth lays out some stern advice for a brother who has enlisted in the army against Woodworth's better suggestions. Woodworth is an exceptional writer whose insightful and emotion-laden accounts make the boredom and frustrations of the war as vivid as the horrors. Often displaying a sarcastic wit, he touches on the poor living conditions and the rise and fall in morale of the troops, and because he writes as freely of the spiritual and mental sufferings of the soldier as he does the physical, his relationships with his wife and child and the community of soldiers and civilians from Seneca County are well developed throughout his correspondence.
Notes: James R. Woodworth, a native of East Varick, Seneca County, N.Y., enlisted as a private in the 44th New York Infantry (the Ellsworth Avengers) in September, 1862. The 44th was dispatched to the Blue Ridge and took part in McClellan's efforts to close off the mountains to Confederate troops during the Fall, and played an important role as rear guard during the defeat at Fredericksburg. After surviving the winter of 1862-63 bogged down in camp at Falmouth, Va., and the battles of Chancellorsville and/ Gettysburg, Woodworth was stricken with a severe case of "camp fever" in October, 1863. Followingtwo months' hospitalization in Washington, D.C., and New York City, Woodworth was able to return to the 44th New York in December. He was killed in action at Laurel Hill in May, 1864.
Cite as: Lawrence Hotchkiss Collection--Woodworth Papers. William L. Clements Library, The University of Michigan./ Detailed finding aid and index available in repository.

Zabriskie, Francis Nicoll, 1832-1891. The post of duty. A funeral discourse in memory of Capt. Lansing Hollister, (120 regt. N.Y.S. vol.,) killed at the battle of Gettysburgh, July 2d, 1863 Coxsackie, N.Y. F.C. Dedrick, Printer, [1863]

Unit bibliograhy from the Army Heritage Center

Items in the museum collection are in bold.

New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center