Battery L, 1st Artillery Regiment (Light) - George Breck Columns: Chapter 6: "Too Good To Be True" Interlude at Baltimore, Feb. 26, 1862 – May 25, 1862

Three border states, Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri, contained “large and resolute secessionist minorities.” Though these states did not secede, Union control of them remained tenuous. “A slight twist in the chain of events might have enabled this (secessionist) faction to prevail in any of these states,” James McPherson has noted. (1) Control of Maryland was especially crucial, because it enclosed Washington on three sides (with Virginia on the fourth). Confederate control of Maryland would have completely cut off the northern capital. Indeed, in the days after Fort Sumter, secessionists appeared to have gained the upper hand in Maryland, severing railroad links with Washington, and attacking a Massachusetts regiment on the streets of Baltimore. Through a series of draconian measures – such as widespread arrests of suspected secessionists that included the Baltimore mayor and police chief, and 31 members of the state legislature, among others – Federal officials regained the upper hand. By the time Battery L arrived in Baltimore, the city was securely under northern control. However, despite the outward charms of the nation’s third largest city, Breck soon discovered that the “Monumental City” remained deeply divided.

Camp Andrew, Baltimore, Md.
February 26th, 1862
(Appeared Monday, March 3, 1862)

Dear Union: -- My “next letter” is not dated at Federal Hill, Baltimore, as I expected, and I believe said it would be, when my last communication was addressed to you. I was misinformed about our company encamping at the above place in this city. The name of our camp is Camp Andrew, named in honor of the Governor of the State of Massachusetts, by a Massachusetts Artillery Battery and Infantry Regiment that have been quartered here – the former leaving yesterday – for several months.

A queer camp it is, I assure you, that portion of it which we occupy. We associate with the name of camp, tents of some description, or tenements designed for temporary use, and when we speak of camping out, we do not mean removing to some splendid frame, brick or stone residence, and there locating and living. A funny style of camp life you would call that, for a citizen of Rochester, residing in any house in your city, to remove to some fine mansion located on Fifth Avenue or Broadway, New York, surrounded with every necessary convenience, and make this his home. A luxurious kind of camp life that would be, certainly, and few there be who wouldn’t, if the opportunity were offered them to enjoy it, gladly improve the same. Well, without a particle of exaggeration, I can say that Capt. Reynolds’ Artillery Battery is now in just such a camp life “fix” as described. We are not living in cotton houses any longer, nor in wooded barracks, nor so much as in frame buildings, but we live, move, and have our being in a large, commodious, and very fine brick mansion, the walls plastered outside as well as inside, two and a half stories high – balcony in front – located in a magnificent spot, on grounds covering two or three acres, beautified with trees and groves of trees, commanding a splendid prospect of the whole city of Baltimore, and in every respect it is a very beautiful place. It is at the west end of Baltimore street – the Broadway of Baltimore – a horse railroad passing it, and is between one and two miles from the heart of the city. It was formerly the residence of Gen. Stewart, and is now, I suppose, for the property, I believe, hasn’t been confiscated by the Government yet – a noted secessionist, now living in Richmond with his family, where he went at the commencement of hostilities, the Union sentiment being too strong in Baltimore to allow him to remain here contentedly. I have been told that he holds no military position at Richmond, though he expected one when he went, and that he acquired the title of General by formerly having command of Maryland militia troops, and that he figured quite conspicuously in the war of 1812. He owns a good deal of property here and was a man of considerable influence. I wonder if he hasn’t begun to mourn over his conversion to Secession, and isn’t regretting his departure from Baltimore and the loss of his fine mansion and home? (2)

Of course it is needless for me to remark the state of happiness and jollification that Capt. Reynolds’ company are in over their new quarters. The boys declare it is like a dream. They don’t know what to make of it. They are sure the thing can’t last but a few days if it does a few hours. The idea of coming soldiering and then eating, drinking, sleeping and living in a large and beautiful mansion, with large old-fashioned fire places, marble mantles and everything in tip-top style, all this is too good to be true. But it is true, and if any of your readers doubt it, we extend to them an invitation to come and see us, and if they don’t go away with elevated notions of a soldier’s life, we will lose our guess.

Our horses are also quartered in sumptuous style, considering that they are horses and considering too, the fare they were subjected to in Washington. Instead of being obliged to stand out in the cold and wet, day and night without a shelter or a cover of any kind, in mud several inches deep, they are now provided with good warm stables, and everything conducive to the benefit of horse welfare. There are two stables capable of accommodating 150 horses. On the grounds is a large wooden cook house, divided into six rooms where the men’s rations are gotten up, and where they will be served to them as it is more convenient eating there than in the house. I say will be served. We just took possession of our new quarters this afternoon. We left Washington Monday (Feb. 24), breaking up camp at a very early hour in the morning, but not getting away till afternoon. It was some distance to where we embarked and we literally came through a sea of mud. When we reached the cars, with our horses and carriages, we were mud all over. It required some time to load, and when we were ready to start, we occupied, with all our horses, pieces, caissons, camp equippage and baggage thirty cars. No short, nor small train, that. The distance from Baltimore to Washington is about 40 miles. We traveled it in eight hours. Who would’nt ride in the cars at the rate of five miles an hour? Arriving in Baltimore at 10 o’clock at night, we marched to the Union Relief Association, where we passed the remainder of the night, and where we were provided with a good breakfast in the morning, as well as a good dinner that noon. Every kindness and attention was shown, and has been shown us since we came here.

The Union men of Baltimore, and the city is full of them now, are true and patriotic men without qualification, and their hospitality and attention to soldiers who have enlisted to fight for the Stars and Stripes is worthy of much praise. They have the upper hand here now, and are bold to express their sentiments.

Baltimore may be called a loyal city, and her loyalty can but add to her great beauty, of which I must speak in a future letter. There is a vein of secession, however, running through her population of 250,000 people, though it is a small, a very small one, I think. But we have hardly been here long enough to speak authoritatively on this point.

Our Captain reported himself to Gen. Dix and was ordered to march his company yesterday to a place called the McKim Mansion, another private residence surrounded with barracks, though not as fine as the one we at present occupy. (3) On going through the streets we were warmly and patriotically greeted by many citizens – the boys and men cheering us in some instances, and the ladies from several nice residences waving their handkerchiefs. Our appearance must have been anything but prepossessing, for we had brought with us from Washington endless quantities of mud. Indeed the Baltimoreans looked at us in astonishment, and many of them asked us wherever we stopped, where we had been to cover and load ourselves with so much mud. The boys cried out, “Do look at those horses and carriages and those men’s boots and clothes!” It was thought that we had just come from the field of fight and action. On the other hand we were surprised to witness the cleanliness of the streets and the dryness of the roads. It was a perfect blessing our escape from the slough of clay and mire, which we had been wading in and through for weeks. You must excuse me for dwelling so long on and referring so frequently to this matter. A person who has lived in Washington a month or a day can’t help it. But no more of the kind now that we are in Baltimore.

We remained at the McKim mansion till to-day only when we removed to our present and probably fixed quarters for a few weeks. The battery that has been stationed here is the 2d Massachusetts Artillery Battery, under command of Capt. (Ormand F.) Nims, a fine man and officer. This battery got away entirely to-day, and has gone to Fortress Monroe. (4) It was here seven months, and judging from what all the citizens of Baltimore say, it is a splendid battery, composed of the very best and most intelligent men. Their popularity extends from one end of the city to the other. Their praise is in every person’s mouth you meet. They were attached to Gen. Duryee’s Brigade, with which we are now brigaded. (5) We hope, and we mean to try at any rate, to gain and merit the same esteem and good will while (we) remain here that Capt. Nims’ battery acquired and enjoyed. One thing is certain. So long as we are not permitted to go into the open field and fight, to do active duty in the way of battle, we want to remain where we are. We are all delighted with our quarters, as the friends and relatives of the men will hear through private correspondence shortly, and we have every facility for perfecting ourselves in artillery drill.

There are many items of interest, and I may say of importance, that I must defer communicating for want of time. I presume the boys would like to have me mention this interesting fact, interesting to them and their friends, that they have no outdoor guard duty to perform of any kind, not even to guard their pieces. It is all done for them by a Massachusetts infantry regiment, quartered here in wooden barracks. The exposure to cold and sickness is materially lessened in consequence of this relief from outdoor guard duty.

Our address is now “Capt. Reynolds’ Battery, Camp Anderson, Baltimore, Maryland.” In behalf of the boys I will remark that we trust our friends and acquaintances will favor us with as many letters and papers as they did when we were at Camp Barry. Letters are of more value to a soldier than pearls, and are always eagerly looked for.

The Union we receive with more pleasure than we do any paper. It is as good a treat to get it as it is to get a good meal any time, and a soldier’s appreciation of the latter can’t be beat. Yours truly, G.B.

Stewart’s Place, or Camp Andrew
Baltimore, Md., March 3d, 1862
(Appeared Monday, March 10, 1862)

Dear Union: -- What a bitter disagreeable night this is. The rain is beating against the windows, and may be easily heard falling in big drops and splashing on the ground and pavement below. The wind is whistling in the chimney and blowing very fiercely, and on the whole, it is a cold, wet, dark, very unpleasant night. What a boon to Capt. Reynolds’ Company that none of the boys are obliged to stand out of doors and do guard duty. Not one of them is exposed to the storm and wind, and with the exception of two or three, who are guarding the horses inside the stables, under cover and well protected, all are housed and in the most comfortable condition. As I write they are all “turned in” their bunks, for “taps” were blown half an hour ago, which was the signal for lights to be extinguished in all the quarters, excepting the officers, and for the men to turn in and go to sleep. Surely, it is a great privilege, a great blessing, for soldiers to be exempt from outdoor guard duty, night as well as day.

Yes, we are all “housed,” as remarked. The wind and rain can’t touch or harm us. As mentioned in my last letter, we are the occupants of a stately mansion, with pleasant and commodious rooms, some of them sixteen feet square and fourteen or fifteen feet high, with comfortable old fashioned fire places, which the boys fully improve and appreciate, for all day long, when the weather demands it, they may be found piled up with sticks and logs of wood, blazing away ever so brightly and cheerfully with roaring good fires. The luxury, the solid comfort, the real enjoyment of a big wood fire in an old fashioned New England fireplace. Who can do the subject justice? Ike Marvel, in his inimitable “Reveries,” has touched upon it in the happiest manner. The amount of cheer and solace that can be extracted from a good old fireplace, lighted up with a bright fire on a cold, rainy morning, or stormy night, is not to be told. What a thing to dream over, with your eyes wide open? Why is it, that in these more modern days, these institutions have been dispensed with, and hot-air stoves, coal furnaces, steam registers, and the like, have been permitted to usurp their places entirely? We protest against it, and declare that at least one room in every “well regulated house” ought to have a large fireplace that will accommodate logs of wood of medium size, and our word for it, it will be the most attractive and frequented room in the whole house, such a day, for instance, as this has been, or such a night as it now is.

But I am getting to be too prosy, surely, and besides, I did’nt set out intending to write a dissertation on fire-places. Let me just mention the magnificent view our palatial camp commands. It is said to be located on the highest grounds within the limits of the city. Standing on the balcony or in one of the front parlor chambers, you look north-east, and there is the Chesapeake Bay, spread out before you like a mirror. On a point of land stretching out from the shore three miles distant may be seen Fort McHenry, on whose summit the Stars and Stripes are proudly waving, and just distinguishable from our camp. Further off, some four miles, right in the midst of the water, surrounded very often with the white sails of boats and ships, is Fort Carroll. These two Forts protect the harbor against the ingress of all unfriendly craft that may float in the Chesapeake. A long iron bridge, two miles in length, may be witnessed from our point of observation. Federal Hill can be easily discerned, and with a spy-glass you can see the large iron war dogs that keep constant watch on the top of the fortification erected on this Hill. Baltimore city lies east and south-east of you, like a map. You can see the whole of it, and with its church spires, houses and monuments, a grand and beautiful appearance is presented. Baltimore strikes me as being very much like New York, with one noticeable exception, viz: that every street and alley is as clean as a pink. Not only the main street, Baltimore street, is kept neat and clean, but all the side and back streets. Horse railroads traverse them, and for five cents you can ride for miles. If you wish to change from one car to another, a transfer ticket is given you without additional charge. The public buildings are very fine, and the stores are on a par with any in Broadway. The residences, many of them, are very beautiful and a large number of houses are built of brown stone, and on the New York plan. The far-famed residence of Tom Winans, a son of Ross Winans, who has figured quite conspicuously during the rebellion, is on Baltimore street, and in going down or coming up from the city, we pass it. (6) We have not been able to get a peep inside, however, for the grounds – and they occupy a whole square – are enclosed, on two streets, at any rate, by a very high brick wall. I notice Jeff. Davis is written on the wall in several places. Perhaps the soil within is as sacred as that of Virginia, and for a Union man to walk on it may be a desecration of no ordinary character.

Many of the good citizens of Rochester have visited Washington, the year past, but very few I guess, have stopped at Baltimore and tarried any length of time. They have merely gone from one depot to another and perhaps have judged the city from what could be seen from the cars. If so it has been a great misjudgment, for no proper or just idea can be formed of the beauty of the city, by such an observation, than can be formed respecting Rochester by entering the depot over the Central Railroad. It will well pay a person, who has occasion to pass through Baltimore and who has never visited the city to stop and look about a few hours, or for a day. We hope our own friends will do so, for we should be happy to entertain them at “Stewart’s Place” as it is better known than by any other title. I think that I remarked in my last communication that Baltimore may be considered a loyal city. It certainly is so. I have heard it estimated that there are about three or four thousand Secessionists here. They are powerless, however, in a population of 250,000 people, the great mass of whom love the Union with all the fondness and affection of a friend. (7) There is a Union League here, composed of 20,000 Union, patriotic men. They know every individual in the city, however mildly or strongly tainted with secessionism. To show with what tenacity a secessionist clings to the idea that the triumph of the Federal arms is among the impossibilities, the following is a proof: A strong influential Union man of the city met a “secesh” the other morning and while conversing with him took occasion to speak of the Fort Donelson victory. “Why,” says Mr. Sesesh, with all apparent sincerity, “it is all a lie about the Federal troops having taken possession of that Fort. It is not so. Instead of that, they have been defeated and thousands of them taken prisoners. And so they have been whipped and killed at various points. I don’t believe a word about the reported victories of the Union troops.” This was after the celebration of the 22d of February.

One thing worthy of note relative to the sentiments of the Union men here, is this. You will discover that they are desirous of treating with leniency those who have spoken and acted disloyally and who are even now in arms against the Government, providing they will lay down their arms and come back and bear allegiance to the Union and the Constitution. They would forgive them and forget the past, if they, their rebel friends, will cease being rebellious and become loyal citizens once more. I do not say that they make no exceptions, that they would embrace with open arms Jeff. Davis, Yancey, Wigfall and the leading conspirators of this diabolical rebellion. (8) Such they would have punished and meted out to them their just deserts, but the masses who have rebelled, they would forgive and wipe out all traces of the past, so far as they are concerned. Now why is this? Ah, their bond of affection, the ties of kindred, of loved friends, of friends with whom there existed the closest intimacy from early boyhood till before the commencement of the war, these ties nature would hold and cling together, if possible, and therefore she comes in as an intercessor between mercy and vengeance. Many of the best and strongest Union men in Baltimore have many dear friends and relatives engaged in the Southern cause, but they believe that they have been drawn into it under a spirit of delusion, and believing this, they would freely forgive their deluded friends, brothers, sons or fathers, if they will but come back into the Union. They would not do it at the expense of right and justice, but judgment in their opinion, ought to be greatly tempered with mercy in this matter. Who will say that they are wrong in entertaining such an opinion?

But no more till to-morrow when I must allude to a sad event that has just occurred in our company.

Tuesday, March 4th

We have been called to part with and mourn the loss of another member of our company, who is no longer one of us, and whom we shall never again see in this world. Jabez A. Stutterd, a young man 18 years of age, and who was among the first to enroll his name in Capt. Reynolds’ battery, died very suddenly yesterday morning, of typhoid fever. His death so sudden, so unexpected, so very sad, has cast a heavy gloom and sorrow over the whole company, and we feel as if we had indeed lost a most cherished friend and companion. Soon after arriving here from Washington, deceased complained of rheumatism in one of his limbs, and asked to be taken to the hospital. His request was complied with. He suffered quite severely with his complaint, which the attending physician pronounced chronic rheumatism. Two or three days after his removal to the hospital, there began to be manifested symptoms of typhoid fever, and on Sunday last his case seemed to be very bad. The doctor, however, did not consider him so dangerous as to deem it advisable to alarm his relatives and friends at home. He thought a day or two longer would decide how mild or aggravated the disease was, and if the latter the case would probably be a protracted one. A letter was written to the young man’s folks to this effect, but alas! hardly before the mail had time to take it from the city, death came and snatched our brother soldier, and he who but a few day’s previous was alive and well, whose presence and society we ever welcomed and enjoyed, who was ever prompt and active in the performance of his military duties, he, our friend and comrade, had gone to his long, long home. Sunday night the fever assumed that of typhus, in its most malignant form, attended with wild delirium, and at 4 o’clock on the following morning it terminated in the decease of our friend. He was unconscious up to five minutes before his death.

All was done that could be to arrest the fatal issue, but the disease was beyond the management of human skill. The seeds of it were bro’t doubtless from Washington, where young Stutterd and all of the company had been exposed to the worst of weather, to cold and wet day after day, and the wonder is that serious consequences to many were not the result. We did not get away a day too soon from our muddy camp.

The sympathies and condolence of the Company have been extended to the family of the deceased by letter; but how slight the alleviation must they afford to the great and overwhelming trial and affliction sustained by the parents, brother, sisters, and other relatives and friends of the departed one. And yet, it is all that human kindness and strength can bestow. From Him alone, with whom are the issues of life and death, who doeth all things well, however shrouded they may be in mystery, can true solace and comfort be obtained by those on whom He has laid his afflictive hand.

The deceased was loved and respected by us all. His kindness of heart, sociability and pleasantness of manner and amiability of character, had won our esteem and regard. This forenoon his remains were taken to the Loudon Park Cemetery of this city, and deposited in a vault to await whatever disposition might be made of them by his father, to whom a dispatch was sent announcing the sad intelligence of the death of his son. (9) Military honors were paid to the deceased, at his funeral, by all the Company, and by an escort with music, proffered by a Company of the Seventeenth Massachusetts Regiment. The remains were laid in a neat coffin, furnished by the Battery, over which was thrown the American flag. The funeral services were conducted by the Chaplain of the Seventeenth Massachusetts Regiment, in the Episcopal form. They were solemn and affecting; and as the Company stood near and about the coffin, the moistened eye and mournful face of many, told how sad and great was the loss of him who lay silent in death. With slow and measured step, with swords reversed, after the beating of muffled drums, we followed our dead companion to the grave, where, over the coffin, there were fired three rounds of small arms by the escort. Thus have we lost three of our Company by death. Though not dying on the field of battle, in defense of their country, they as truly died for their country, for at their death they were enlisted in its cause, and in the form of disease, fell martyrs to it.

Let me say a word or two respecting the hospital here, conducted, I believe, under management of the 17th Massachusetts Regiment. It is in a fine, large three story brick block, with basement, and is the best managed hospital I ever saw. The rules and regulations respecting it are in every way correct, and they are strictly observed. I visited it to-day, going into several rooms, and everything about it I found neat and convenient. There is every accommodation for the sick, and they are attended and watched over with the kindness and care of home interest, as the patients will testify. The medical attendance and the nurses are the very best. We would have our friends know this, so that in case information should reach them of any of the company being sick and confined in this building, they need not be alarmed and worried because of their situation in a hospital. We mean to try, however, and keep well. Now that we have so pleasant and comfortable a camp, I think we need not entertain fears of illness.

On Friday last the company were mustered in for their third installment of pay. A most fortunate and happy circumstance, and a much more fortunate and happy one it will be when the pay comes. We are all in a very “shaky,” precarious condition, financially speaking, and he who has money enough to buy a postage stamp is a lucky fellow, and yet an unlucky one, too, for he is sure to have his monied generosity tested to the utmost by those in want of coppers.

Pardon the length of this letter. I did not mean to trespass so badly on the columns of your paper. I will endeavor to make an atonement by writing a much shorter one next time. G.B.

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore, Md.
March 8, 1862
(Appeared Thursday, March 13, 1862)

Dear Union: -- Letters and papers come directed to our new camp, addressed Camp Andrew, Camp Anderson, Stewart’s Place, and some of the boys have facetiously written home to address them at Camp Bulletin, which request no doubt will be complied with, and messages and documents will come pouring in, addressed accordingly. Stewart’s Place is the true and proper name of our novel and interesting camp, and as such it is generally known to the Baltimoreans, and so those writing or visiting us will please bear this in mind.

I have to record another sad event which has occurred in our company – an event which followed quickly the sad one mentioned in my last communication. No, it did not follow that, it went before it, though none of us were informed of its occurrence until almost a week after it took place. We have lost another of our brother soldiers by death, and the unexpected intelligence of his decease filled our hearts afresh with sorrow. John W. Moore died on Thursday of last week in the hospital at Washington, where he was left when the company obeyed orders to report itself at Baltimore. He was too unwell to join the company just then, though we saw him just before leaving, and his improved appearance and condition all indicated that he would soon be able to be with us. The day succeeding our departure he experienced a change for the worse, and on Thursday morning he was no more. He died of typhoid fever very suddenly. We received no information of it, however, until last Wednesday, after his burial near Camp Barry. A letter was written him a day or two after our arrival here, but death had called him away and he never received it. No message reached any of us stating that he was worse, and when we were expecting and talking about his coming to join us again, the mournful, desolating news came that he was dead. We can all bear truthful witness that he, too, like those whose deaths have been mentioned in previous letters, was a faithful soldier and possessing qualities of heart and character that endeared him to every member of the company. Quiet and unobtrusive in manner, but prompt, active and faithful in the discharge of duty, a kind and pleasant disposition, never complaining, and a very worthy young man in many respects. He was well known in Rochester and highly esteemed. We deeply lament his loss, and, as a company, would extend our heartfelt sympathies to the bereaved and afflicted family of the deceased.

The recent sickness and deaths in our midst may alarm those who have friends and relatives in the Company, but I think it ought not to, for we have had but little sickness and lost but few considering our number, and considering also our exposure to the worst forms of weather and to many fatigues and hardships. We hope that we may not have occasion to chronicle the loss of another member of our company by disease and death, and may the solemn lessons recently taught us, be heeded and improved by all.

Yesterday was a day that we cannot soon forget, for we were witnesses, the most of us, for the first time in our lives, of the execution of a man by hanging. Private Joseph Kuhn, of Company I of the Second Regiment Maryland Volunteers, was the condemned, and he was, after the proceedings of a court martial, sentenced to be hung for killing his superior officer, Second Lieut. J. Davis Whitson of the same regiment. The affair took place here at Camp Carroll last December, and was the result of a cold-blooded, deliberate plan to shoot or assassinate, without provocation, a superior officer. The condemned man was afforded a fair trial, but after a lengthy sitting of the Court he was found guilty of “assassination.” A few days previous to the murder he had run the lines upon two occasions and the second time Lieut. Whitson proceeded to the house of Kuhn in search of him. It is unknown what occurred there, but it is said the visit led to a spirit of ill-feeling between the two men and subsequently to hard words, when it is alleged Kuhn expressed his determination to kill Whitson. A day or two after, during evening parade, Kuhn deliberately drew up a loaded musket and aiming it at Lieut. Whitson, fired its contents into his breast, which immediately proved fatal. The several regiments and commands of Gen. Dix’s division in this vicinity were ordered to be paraded at Fort McHenry to witness the execution yesterday at 12 o’clock, and there assembled a force of not less than five thousand men. When we arrived at the fort most of the troops were there and all were formed in a hollow square, extending entirely around the parade ground, in the centre of which was erected the scaffold, on which the culprit was to suffer the penalty of his great crime. The prisoner, guarded by a detachment of about 40 men, was taken to the scaffold in a white covered wagon, and on reaching it, he alighted in a sprightly manner, manifesting a coolness and calmness that astonished those around the gibbet. Before the Chaplain who accompanied him to the spot of execution, offered up a prayer, he was asked whether he had aught to say, to which he replied “nothing.”

In a few minutes, the noose was arranged around the unfortunate man’s neck, the black cap and white handkerchief were drawn and tied over his head and face, the rope was quickly drawn, the trap fell with a heavy sound and the poor soldier was left hanging “’twixt heaven and earth. Owing to a bad arrangement of the noose, the unfortunate man strangled to death.” Thus ended this sorrowful and awful spectacle. We have no desire to witness another similar scene. It was in obedience to military orders that our company attended it. (10)

The display of the several regiments was very fine and imposing. The Duryee Zouaves attracted our special attention, uniformed in red flannel pants, turned in at the knee, with white socks and buff leather gaiters, and wearing white and blue turbans and yellow tassels as they stood a full regiment, drawn up in line; thus dressed, they presented a very interesting and attractive appearance. They are pronounced to be one of the best drilled regiments in light infantry tactics in the whole army.

We had no opportunity of seeing the Fort proper, which I have been told, covers some three acres. On top of the walls, facing the city were planted two or three heavy columbiads, which looked as if they might do fearful mischief. (11) The city could be easily shelled from Fort McHenry, but may the time never come when necessity shall urge such a destructive work to be done. Baltimore is too beautiful a city to be destroyed. I have spoken, heretofore, of the cleanliness and neatness of the city. This fact was more apparent than ever yesterday, for we passed through several side or back streets, and found them all, walks and streets, just as clean as the main or principal thoroughfare. The streets are all paved even beyond the outskirts of the city. Most of the buildings are erected of brick, with marble and stone door steps in front. These are washed as well as the front walks, I should think every day, from their looks. In a word, the Monumental City, though it has acquired a hard name, is the very perfection and model of neatness. This may be owing in part to the gentle rise and declivity of many of the streets, which enables the water, when it rains, to easily carry off any dirt that may accumulate.

The private and public buildings are required to be built with fire proof walls. Every new block of houses or stores thus having running up between each house or store, a protection against fire; and the old blocks of buildings when their roofs are repaired, must have the same or else the repairing will not be allowed to go on. The consequence is, but few fires occur here, and then the Fire Department is as perfect as it can be. There is a fire alarm telegraph running through the city, and steam fire engines have, I believe, entirely superseded the use of the hand engines.

We paid a visit to “Big Six’ the other day, a fire engine organization that once was of great notoriety, and a company that visited Rochester a few years since. They owned considerable property near where the engine house is located, which they had built at their own expense, a high tower 130 odd feet connecting with it. We took a view of the city from the top of this tower, and a truly magnificent sight there was indeed presented.

On Monday next, Reynolds’ Battery is to be reviewed by Gen. Duryee. We were ordered to be in readiness for a review last Monday, but the inclemency of the weather interfered. There is a fine drill and parade ground not very far from our mansion. The General has a fondness of witnessing quick and rapid artillery evolutions, and therefore we may expect to make some very lively movements on the field the ensuing Monday. A section of artillery, such as the “Grays” have when on the gallop and coming into line, is a spectacle attended with no little amazement; but a 6 gun battery, with its 6 pieces, 6 limbers and same number of caissons with its ninety to a hundred horses, and manned by a hundred and thirty to a hundred and fifty men – such a battery when performing a “double quick” over, it may be not be the levelest of ground, but over ruts, mounds, across ditches and the like, the horses running and galloping as if for dear life, the drivers using most vigorously spur and whip, the cannoneers holding on to their seats with clenched hands, but “bobbing up and down” in spite of their tenacious grasp at almost every revolution of the wheels – all this is enough to strike the beholder with considerable awe and astonishment. Well, Monday we anticipate going through just such a flying and thundering scene. But, enough. Let me close by saying that we are enjoying beautiful Spring weather. No mud, no ice, but mild and pleasant. G.B.

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore, Md.
March 15th, 1862
(Appeared Thursday, March 20, 1862)

Dear Union: -- Among the “compatibles” there is none greater than that which exists between letter writing and a rainy day. Persons take to writing letters on such days as naturally as a fish takes to water. The truth of this is most strikingly illustrated in the camp life of a soldier. When the sky is dark and heavy with clouds, the rain falling, and the weather is stormy and disagreeable, then it is that camp life presents a busy though quiet scene indoors, for the more peaceable weapons of correspondence are inevitably produced and wielded with an activity and industry really astonishing. Pencils are sharpened, pens are brought out, paper is in vigorous demand, there is a rapid flow of ink, and go into any of the men’s quarters, and you will find one here and another there, busily occupied in writing to – here we must stop, for who the recipients of all these numerous epistolary documents are to be, it is not for us to say, unless it is in general terms, such as fathers, mothers, wives, brothers, sisters, friends, and last, but not least by any means – sweethearts. It is raining almost in torrents to-day, and the boys are improving the wet condition out of doors, by an industrious use of the pen. There is another reason besides the bad state of the weather, which is the occasion of so much letter writing to-day in our palatial camp. To-morrow night Lieut. G. H. Reynolds and Orderly Sergeant Wm. H. Bower will leave for Rochester, and many of the company in anticipation of their departure, have prepared and are preparing many a message for them to take to their relations and friends. They will have a pile of letters, large enough to fill a small mail bag, to take with them, which will but add to their welcome on their arrival home.

Lieut. Reynolds and Orderly Bower have been detailed to return to Rochester to recruit for our company. In consequence of sickness, deaths and some discharges from disability, Capt. Reynolds’ Battery is somewhat reduced in numbers, and by order of Major Gen. Dix, the company is to be filled up to its former standard, or to the full compliment of men required for a six-gun battery. Several letters have been received since we came to Baltimore, from persons in Rochester and vicinity, expressing a wish to join the company and asking whether it could be done or not. Under the new recruiting system, it requires a special order from headquarters to recruit for a particular company, and this has been given to Capt. Reynolds. Lieut. Reynolds and Sergeant Bower will, of course, be glad to see those who have desired to attach themselves to Reynolds’ Battery, and any others desirous of doing the same, and transportation papers to Baltimore will be furnished them.

The inducements for joining the company are certainly very great – and, I think I may truly say, greater than any other artillery battery in the field. Now that the signs are so bright and encouraging for a speedy restoration of the Union, who, that possibly can, will fail to give an assisting hand in its complete restoration? Who does not desire to take a part in the patriotic and glorious work? Those who could have done so, and did not, will surely have occasion, when the Union is restored to its integrity and the Government vindicated, for regret and self-condemnation.

We congratulate ourselves on the fact that our Captain has been made chief of artillery in Gen. Dix’s Division. The appointment, besides being a compliment to Capt. Reynolds, insures to the company every thing that it needs and “more too.” Requisitions for what is wanted are not only made out as requested at headquarters, but they are promptly filled. We have just received a large supply of ammunition, including canister, shell, spherical case shot, and a thousand cartridges, and every thing necessary for the good of the men and efficiency of the battery is obtained with promptness. (12)

Last Tuesday (March 11) we were reviewed by Gen. Duryee and staff and were favored with their hearty approbation for the manner in which, as a company, we acquitted ourselves. The battery formations, evolutions, firings, etc. passed off to Gen. Duryee’s satisfaction. But we don’t wish to boast of being perfect in artillery manoeuvres. The few times we have drilled would not allow it. We are learning daily, and with the fine drill ground we have we shall try and make satisfactory progress in this most attractive and desirable branch of military service.

Last Monday (March 10) our company witnessed the drumming out of camp a member of the 17th Massachusetts Regiment. To most, if not all of us, it was a novel scene. The unfortunate man had half of his head shaved clean as a whistle, and was drummed out of camp with a guard on each side of him, bayonets charged, in the presence of four or five hundred soldiers who were drawn up in the form of a square to witness the spectacle as a warning that they should not bring upon themselves the same punishment and disgrace. The man was a private in one of the companies of the 17th Mass. Regiment, and had been court martialed for desertion, disobedience of military orders and general misconduct. He was found guilty and condemned to suffer the above shameful punishment, to imprisonment in the Penitentiary for eight months, to live on bread and water one week in every month and to forfeit all his pay! A pretty severe chastisement, but military law seems to require the fullest satisfaction as a penalty when broken. It seldom knows partiality, and whoever puts himself under its restraints must make up his mind to act accordingly or he will very likely experience its rigors. It is not hard to conform to its requirements, however, if there be the disposition of obedience.

I suppose it will be no violation of orders if I state the following relative to troops that were stationed in Washington. Lieut. Loder, who has just returned from Washington on business for the company, informs us that all the companies that were quartered at Camp Barry when we were there, have left and gone across the Potomac with the exception of one. Col. Bailey is still there, but nearly all the military commanders – from Gen. McClellan down – are on the other side of the river. Lieut. L. reports Washington to be almost a deserted place since the vacation of so many troops from that city and vicinity. Great events have recently transpired, but only foreshadow greater and more important ones that are yet to occur. Surely the complete success of the Federal arms and the triumph of Republican institutions are soon to be realized and witnessed by the whole world. Yours truly, G. B. (13)

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore, Md.
March 28th, 1862
(Appeared Tuesday, April 1, 1862)

Dear Union: -- There seems to be a difference of opinion among the loyal citizens of Baltimore as to the real strength of secessionism in the city. While some have remarked to me that the secession element is now comparatively small and weak here, estimating it in numbers as about three or four thousand strong, others have subsequently said that the city is about equally divided between Union and secession – that on one side of Baltimore street – which divides the city north and south – the people are six-sevenths secesh, and on the other side they are six-sevenths Union; that about 80 per cent of the wealthy and aristocratic population may be put down as disloyal, and that in fact were it not for the bayonet and cannon here at McHenry, Federal Hill and the like, in possession of and manned by Federal troops, Baltimore would be one of the most turbulent and troublesome of secession cities. This contrariety of opinion may be accounted for from the fact that there are many here who are not open and avowed disunionists, but who, perhaps, are apparently for the Union, and yet all the time secretly sympathize with Jeff. Davis and wish for the success of his government. Did they dare, and were it policy, they would doubtless make themselves heard and seen on the side of rebellion, very distinctly and conspicuously. In a word, they are a type of people with which not only Baltimore but many other towns and cities of our country at present abound, who at heart would like to see the Union broken up, and if circumstances favored an open avowal of their sentiments and acts, it would be manifested. And then again, there is another class here, as elsewhere, who are indifferent as to whether Union or secession gains the day. They are as ready to hurrah for one side as the other, though we don’t believe their readiness in the matter is apt to be very promptly displayed when the Union forces are reported to have won a victory. They are a class that keep current with the tide, up or down, whichever way that is. Now, these two classes represent a large portion of the population here, and it may be that some Union men with whom I have conversed, when speaking of the sentiment of the people, did not include the above classes in their estimate of the real secessionists in Baltimore, while others did, and hence the disparity of opinion mentioned at the commencement of my letter. One thing is certain, however, there has been a great change brought here since the 19th of last April – a day that will ever be memorable with the citizens of the Monumental City, especially with the loyal and patriotic. They frequently allude to that day as one of gloom, of terror, of evil forebodings, and the arrival of Union troops here was greeted with the greatest joy and gratitude. (14) With their presence, and before they were favored with it, too, many Union men stood firmly by the old class, and by word and act proved themselves, as they have ever since, true and worthy citizens of the Republic, though insults and indignities were heaped upon them without number. I think there can be no mistake but that the Union men are now in the majority, and yet it is true that the secesh element is quite strong and shows itself daily in the looks, speeches and actions of those who are infected with it.

Last summer it was not safe for officers or soldiers to walk the streets unarmed, and

though the necessity for carrying weapons is now dispensed with, there being no danger of receiving violence or assault, there is, nevertheless, a species of violence in the form of rudeness, indifference, impoliteness and other similar marks of discourtesy and disrespect offered to the soldier, which is eminently characteristic of this ugly and poisonous plant “secesh.” I enclose an article copied from Harpers’ Weekly into the Baltimore American and Commercial Advertiser, published the other morning, referring to a scene that took place in this city between a “lady?” (–) whose hatred for her country was only excelled by her depravity of mind – and an American officer, which illustrates the kind of violence just mentioned. Its publication in your columns, if you can find a place for it, will, I think, interest some of your many readers. Another case, of a like nature, occurred in the city cars a few weeks ago, so I have been told, of a young lady spitting in an officer’s face, as a token of her love for her country and a manifestation of her respect for his patriotic profession, but the officer, instead of seeking satisfaction at the hands of the father, husband or brother, with weapons and at the cost of his life, sought it in the following way: He serenaded the “lady” one night, or had her serenaded for three straight hours, with songs, touchingly expressive of woman’s gentleness, the delicacy of her sex, etc. If the “lady” had any sensibilities, she must have felt as tho’ they were being run through with needles about (that) time. Making up faces in the streets at soldiers and officers, by the disloyalists of the other sex is not of unfrequent occurrence here.

But we prefer mentioning better, pleasanter, and more interesting matters. If there are ladies and gentlemen who indulge in giving the cold shoulder, the sneerful lip, the scornful eye, the short, contemptuous Oh! and insults of a kindred character to Federal soldiers and officers, there are also ladies and gentlemen who are worthy to be called such in every sense of the word, whose loyalty and patriotism cannot be doubted, and whose kindness and hospitality we have never seen surpassed. Their attention to the soldier, their cordiality of manner to him whenever they meet, their visitations to him when sick, their supplies for his wants, their sympathies, their benefactions to him in a thousand little ways, all this we have witnessed and can bear individual testimony to. The result of a few days past sickness in our case, is the query? “Who wouldn’t be a soldier and be sick, if sickness there must be in Baltimore?”

Two or three Sundays ago one of our Corporals with a squad of eight or ten men attended a Methodist Church. After service a good Union man and his wife invited them all home to dinner. You may better believe those boys on their return to camp had a word to say for the Union citizens of Baltimore. And this fact faithfully illustrates what the really patriotic people are here. Their purse as well as heart is engaged in the work and after all, Mr. Editor, if you want to test a man’s real loyalty and patriotism in the work of saving his country, just touch his pocket and if there is anything there, and there is a generous, unbegrudging response, that man may be set down as true lover of his country. On the contrary if no kind of magical patriotic touches will open a man’s purse, if there be anything in it, you may set it down as a dead certainty, that that man’s patriotism, no matter how much he may talk and boast about it, is pretty much a sham affair.

I should be sadly remiss while speaking of the citizens of Baltimore to omit all mention of her beautiful women. The reputation of the city in this respect is far and wide, being greater than that of any other town or city in the United States, and our own observations warrants us in saying that the high reputation Baltimore enjoys in the matter is eminently just and deserving. The many beautiful female faces that one encounters in the streets on a pleasant day are particularly noticeable and we will of course add particularly attractive and pleasing.

Yesterday the 17th Massachusetts Regiment broke up camp here and left. You are not at liberty to publish the movements of troops, and so I will not violate military orders by writing for publication what I know about the destination of this regiment. (15) You can rest satisfied that there is a greater stir among soldiers in this vicinity and elsewhere, than there has ever been before. The 17th regiment had been encamped here seven months, and by constant drill had acquired great proficiency in the manual of the musket. They had been here so long that they had formed many pleasant acquaintances and associations, and when time came to go away it was like leaving home. We shall miss the beautiful music that the band, attached to the regiment, was in the habit of discoursing every morning and evening, at dress parade. They used to play some of the sweetest airs we ever heard from a band. Our whole company escorted the regiment to their place of embarkation, and in honor of their departure fired thirty-four guns.

Brig. Gen. Duryee has received orders to leave this department and report himself to Major Gen. Wadsworth, who is in command of Washington. (16) We dislike to part with him, as he has taken considerable interest in our battery, and his many good qualities have won for himself our best esteem. Brig. Gen. James Cooper has assumed the command of the department here.

But I must close. A dearth of news must be the apology for this dull letter.

The weather is beautiful here, but we have been annoyed with the – dust this afternoon, which has been flying in great quantities.

The health of the company, with three or four exceptions, is excellent. We like our quarters more and more every day. G. B.

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore (Md.)
April 5, 1862
(Appeared Thursday, April 10, 1862)

Dear Union: -- Who has not heard of the great New York Central Park? Its notoriety is spread all over the country. Article after article has been written, glowingly descriptive of this beautiful park, and those who have not seen and visited it have certainly missed a sight which, in point of beauty and interest, can hardly be surpassed by anything similar, we were about to remark, in the world, and, perhaps, we should be warranted in making it, for the people of New York do not hesitate to say that they have the finest park, or will have a few years hence, that can be found on the face of the earth. Whatever art can accomplish to adorn and beautify has been summoned to beautify New York Central Park. Millions of dollars have been appropriated to make it all that the eye can possibly desire. What the far-famed Hyde Park is to England, so is the Central Park of New York City intended to be to America.

It may not be generally known at the North that the city of Baltimore can justly boast of almost as beautiful a park as can the great metropolis of the Empire State. Indeed, in respect to natural scenery, Druid Hill Park of Baltimore, as it is called, is perhaps equal to the New York Central Park. With the embellishments of art, it certainly can be made so. It covers between five and six hundred acres of ground and lies a short distance north of the city limits. The property was bought by the city some three or four years ago at an expense of about one thousand dollars per acre. It belonged to a Mr. Rogers and had been in the possession of himself and his ancestors for one hundred and fifty years. Shortly after the purchase Mr. R. died and his remains are buried near the centre of the park, an acre of the ground having been reserved as a condition of the transfer of the property for the burial of Mr. Rogers or any of his relatives who might wish to have their remains deposited here. A small tomb-stone marks the locality of the grave. A story and a half house is situated in close proximity to the burial ground, formerly occupied by Mr. R. and family, commanding a beautiful prospect, but which is now untenanted and looks like an old relic of the past. Its dilapidated appearance but lends to it a greater interest. In front of this building is a very beautiful lawn which, even now, at this early season of the year, is fresh with green grass and presents a most attractive sight.

The park abounds with cedar, pine and oak trees, and among the latter kind may be witnessed trees of a hundred years growth or more with their thick and heavy trunks, their large and outstretched limbs and boughs lifting their tops far up in the air and the representation of true grandeur and nobility. Smooth and wide roads that will admit driving carriages three or four abreast traverse the park in almost every direction, the road leading around it being some five miles in length. In laying out some of the roads many large and noble trees have been left standing in the centre, and it is the presence of so many beautiful trees, planted and adorned by nature, which give such a charm to the place. Here is a hill and there a dale, and as you descend into one of the beautiful little valleys – lined and almost overarched with trees – you cannot help giving expression to emotions of delight and admiration. It is on the summit of Woodstock Hill, however, where the beauty of the park is particularly unfolded, and where one, as he looks about him, is enraptured with the view. There is presented a wildness and picturesqueness of scenery that I hardly ever saw surpassed. From this point you can see the rising and setting of the sun.

Looking south-east you can catch glimpses of the city of Baltimore and see the Chesapeake Bay. At a short distance from the foot of the east side of the hill, lies the village of Woodstock, pretty as a picture, with the churches and houses and fine cotton factory. A little way from here is the village of Whitehall, and not far from this is the beautiful village of Mt. Vernon. What a picture is here presented to the eye. A cluster of villages, each of which reminds you of the lovely village that Goldsmith sung so sweetly about. A large reservoir of water can be seen near one of these villages, which helps to supply the city with that article, water works being stationed not far away. The water is obtained from a small lake some six or seven miles distant from here. There is a small pond in Druid Hill Park, which is to be enlarged and beautified, and indeed the park has received but very little artificial improvement, there having been laid out on it not more than thirty or forty thousand dollars. With a proper and judicious outlay of labor and expense, which is now being given, Druid Hill Park will make one of the most magnificent parks in the world. Of course I need not assure your readers that this park is the great resort of the Baltimoreans, and is growing more and more so during the mild and warm months of the year. It is the great “city lung” of Baltimore, as are termed the great parks of London and New York.

Let me say that Capt. Reynolds’ Battery, men, horses, pieces and all, contemplate visiting Druid Hill Park on Monday next (April 7), and if each particular “lung” isn’t strengthened and each particular fancy isn’t highly pleased, then I am no prophet. It is war time to be sure, and if any person doubts our attitude on the war question, let him come and see us drill any afternoon and I am positive he will go away with the impression that there is no mistake about our minds being made up to fight whenever there is a call to do so, but our soldiering in Baltimore has been, and is combined with a wonderful unanticipated amount of pleasure. We have sufficient drill and practice with the guns to keep us properly busy, and constantly remind us what we are here for, and yet, without a violation of military duty, we indulge in street parade, reviews, and occasionally, as for instance on Monday next, we go out on a scouting and reconnoitering expedition about the city. We anticipate going to Fort McHenry next week to try the range of our guns. We wish to make ourselves as proficient as possible in pointing and firing our pieces, for there is no telling when we shall be called to demonstrate the accuracy and result of our practice.

Yesterday afternoon we were reviewed by Major General Dix and Staff. We went through quite a number of interesting artillery evolutions, such as firing, advancing by half batteries, fixing prolonge and firing retiring, changing front to the right, left and rear, and firing, and not forgetting to execute the lively and exciting movement, at a rapid trot, “left into line wheel.”

– The “Grays” will please take notice. Gen. Dix complimented the battery on the proficiency it had acquired in drill since coming to Baltimore, and expressed his gratification at the appearance of the men and the promptness with which they executed the commands.

Brig. Gen. Cooper is to review us next week.

There are now three regiments stationed on our camp grounds. A Delaware Regiment occupying the same barracks that the 17th Massachusetts Regiment had. The Second Maryland and 67th Pennsylvania Regiments quartered in tents, directly west of us. The latter is 1200 strong, and has recently come from Philadelphia where it was encamped all winter. Wilson’s Zouaves or the New York Fifth Infantry Regiment, so long stationed at Federal Hill, left on Sunday last for --. How provoking to excite the curiosity and then not gratify it. The pen must succumb to the “powers that be,” however, like everything else. (17)

In a former letter allusion was made to a strong Union League, said to be existing here, composed of 20,000 loyal and patriotic men. There is another league in Baltimore, a much smaller one, though perhaps tributary to the larger. It is known as “Gideon’s Band.” It numbers between twenty and thirty “mighty men of valor,” as was said of Gideon of old, and like Israel’s prophet and deliverer, they are ready to do all that their country requires of them, to deliver the land, oppressed, as was the land of Israel, by – not Midian – but by that arch-conspirator and traitor, Jeff. Davis. That they may deliver, or greatly aid in doing so, their beautiful city from the oppression of all secession Midianites here, is the sincere prayer of Reynolds’ Battery. They are among the choicest and most liberal spirits of Baltimore; their kindness, sociability and hospitality being matters that we take pleasure in bearing testimony to, and being on a par, with their loyalty and unionism of sentiment. Strong, staunch, fearless Union men, not afraid nor ashamed to express and display their patriotism to the rankest and bitterest secessionists here. It did us good the other evening to hear one of “Gideon’s Band” decry the outrages committed here last spring by those who were intent on sacrificing the city to treason and rebellion. He said that his opinion of secessionism was such that he would not dare to trust his own son, dearly as he might be beloved by him, with his life, if he knew that son was infected at heart with the vile and hellish principle of secessionism. It is a principle, he remarked, that would lead a man to cut the throat of another, if necessary to carry it out, no matter how near the relationship might be. His emphatic and wholesouled denunciation of secessionism, coming as it did from a Southern man; his glowing and patriotic sentiments, and then knowing his greatness and generosity at heart, all this aroused our own patriotic impulses, and a renewed determination passed through our mind, that with such a representative of patriotism as this gentleman to encourage and inspire us in the work of crushing secessionism, we would not be backward in doing the duty that called us from home, cost what its accomplishment might. This gentleman is a type of the character of “Gideon’s Band,” and I will leave it to your readers to judge of the influence and potency of such a band, surrounded more or less by “secesh.” One thing is certain. These “Gideons” are a powerful auxiliary to Captain Reynolds’ company in the city of Baltimore.

A few more words about an entirely different subject, and I will close. Have you ever heard of Aerated Bread? It has been known in New York I believe for three or four years, but I think very few persons in Rochester know anything about it. It is extensively used here, and in almost every baker’s shop you will see a sign inscribed as follows: “Requa & Co’s Aerated Bread.” Our company has been supplied with it ever since we came here, and we can speak of its superiority over all other bread we ever eat, always excepting, perhaps, “home made bread.” It is called “aerated,” on account of the air being excluded in the process of making it. The flour is first thoroughly sifted, in a room above where the oven and machinery are, and then through a hole in the floor, by means of a bag it is carried into a large iron tank in the room below, which almost reaches the ceiling. This tank is capable of holding two barrels of flour at once, with the proportionate quantity of water necessary to knead it. The dough is kneaded by machinery, there being iron arms in the tank, which stir and break it up with a rapidity and style such as no human arms could do. The tank is charged with carbonic acid gas just or in a very similar manner that soda fountains are charged, the gas causing an exclusion of the air from the tank. When the dough is properly kneaded, it is put or rather let into pound loaf tin pans from the bottom of the tank by means of a large cock, through which the dough is forced into the pans by the pressure of the gas. This cock can be turned on or off at pleasure. It requires but a little time to fill a hundred or two hundred pans, which, when filled, are put into a large brick oven and the bread is baked as other bread. It is claimed to be sweeter, healthier and much more nutritious than bread made by the old fashioned process. It is as light as a feather and white as snow. Unlike yeast bread, it is never sour. I saw some, made a year ago, and it was perfectly sweet. It preserves its freshness for days, and has been pronounced excellent when it was two or three weeks old. Of course, with all these qualities, aerated bread is just the thing required by the army. The boys of our company appreciate it. The only objection to it is this, that it is so good and sweet that the boys have declared they don’t get their full quota of bread, whereas they can eat a loaf of this when they could not eat half a loaf of bread made in the old way. But my letter must be getting tedious, so enough for the present. Yours truly, G.B.

Stewart Place, Baltimore, Md.
April 16, 1862
(Appeared Saturday, April 19, 1862

Dear Union: -- The several towers and monuments of which Baltimore can boast, and which so strikingly arrest the attention of citizen and stranger here, have given to the place the title of “The Monumental City.” From our quarters, we have a splendid view of these lofty structures, and their appearance gives to the city part of that interest and beauty which has won for it so much admiration and praise. The finest and most conspicuous monument here is Washington’s Monument. I have heard it pronounced second only to Bunker Hill Monument. It is indeed a very beautiful structure, and elicits the admiration of all who see it. We visited it the other day, and for a brief description of the monument we are indebted to a small pamphlet obtained of the person who has charge of it, it being open every day for the reception of visitors.

This monument was raised in honor of the memory of General George Washington. It is placed at the intersection of two squares, that is, there is a square on each side of it, each of which is about seventy-five to one hundred feet in width, and three hundred and seventy-two feet in length. The squares are enclosed by iron railings, and the remark concerning them is true, that “when these spaces shall be adorned by appropriate rows of trees, as well as embellished with marble fountains or basins and other ornaments, of which this place is susceptible, it will become one of the most delightful promenades on this continent.”

The ground on which the monument stands, as well as the spaces above mentioned, were generously donated to the city for the noble purpose to which they were devoted, by Col. J.E. Howard, formerly Governor of this State, but now dead. The monument is built on an eminence one hundred feet above tide, and consists of a square base of fifty feet by twenty-four in height, surmounted by a column; the whole, including the statue, one hundred and eighty feet. It is enclosed by an iron railing six feet in height, which rests on a white marble coping fifteen inches high and three hundred and twenty feet in circumference. There are four gates to the enclosure, which is flagged with white marble. The outer circle is of granite, and three hundred and eighty-two feet in width, and flagged with a silver gray stone. There are twelve steps to the main entrance. There is inscribed over each of the four doors the following:
“To George Washington, by the State of Maryland.”
On each side of the base is an inscription as follows. On the south:
“Born 22d February, 1732. Died 14th December, 1799.”
On the east:
“Commander-in-Chief of the American Army 15th June, 1775. Commission resigned at Annapolis 23d December, 1783.”
On the north:
“Trenton, 25th December, 1776. Yorktown, 19th October, 1781.”

On the west:
“President of the United States, 4th March, 1789. Retired to Mount Vernon 4th March, 1797.”

The interior of the base has in the centre a pedestal twenty-one feet square, is handsomely plastered, and laid off in granite, with an impost or cornice. The entrance to the stairway is facing the north door; to correspond with this are niches facing the south, east and west doors, intended for full length statues. Opposite, there are eight smaller niches for busts. The floor is of white marble. In one of these niches is a colossal bust of George Washington, seven feet in height, a model of the one on top. Descending a flight of stairs to the basement or cellar, is an opening or arch, ten feet in height, with eight small windows to admit light. Ascending a circular flight of marble stairs in the interior of the monument, twenty-eight in number, leads to the base, from thence to the summit, two hundred more steps. We must confess that in ascending this long flight of stairs, going round and round, enveloped in impenetrable darkness, stumbling now and then when we came to a wider step than others, we felt a slight trembling of limb and a slight disturbance of our nervous organization. We were glad enough to emerge into open light, and we greeted the blue sky and bright sun with a cordiality not to be doubted.

At the summit are three small windows and a door leading to the Capital, where are four marble blocks or seats. In commemoration of any great event a flag is raised from this point. The statue on the summit, representing Washington in the act of resigning his commission, is sixteen feet in height, weighs sixteen tons, and cost nine thousand dollars. The whole monument, built of marble including the statue, cost two hundred thousand dollars, and was designed by Robert Mills, Architect.

The prospect presented from the summit of this superb monument is indescribably grand. The city of Baltimore is spread out before you like a map and its beautiful surroundings lend the greatest enchantment to the view. With a glass you can readily distinguish objects, on a clear day, from thirty to forty miles distant. The water scenery of Chesapeake Bay is not to be surpassed. Of course, all the public buildings of the city are plainly seen from this elevated point among which is the noble granite edifice, the Catholic Cathedral, with its large dome and two steeples, in one of which is placed a large bell, weighing 8,500 pounds. We never hear it, that we are not reminded of Rochester. It has a sound precisely like the Court House or City Hall bell. Not far from here, the eye rests on Battle Monument, situated on Monument Square. It consists of a square base on which rests a pedestal, ornamented on each corner with a beautifully carved griffin, and from the centre rises a fascial column; on the bands encircling, which are inscribed the names of those who fell in the defence of Baltimore in 1814, and in whose honor it was erected. This column is surmounted by a superb statue, representing the Genius of Baltimore, holding a laurel or triumphant crown in her right hand and an antique helm in her left, emblematic of commerce, having an eagle, bomb, shell, etc., at her side. This monument is of white marble, fifty feet in heighth, and surrounded by a fascial railing. Green Mount Cemetery, one of the most beautiful cemeteries in the country, lies north east of where we are looking, and contains many beautiful monuments. Church spires are visible in every direction. Away to the south east is the Phoenix Shot Tower, two hundred and thirty-four feet high. (18) Forts and fortifications, tented camps, long bridges, etc., etc., meet your gaze and among the attractive sights is the vast amount of shipping dotting the Bay and lining wharves and docks.

The location of Washington monument is worthy of note. It is right in the midst of the wealth and aristocracy of the city, surrounded by the costliest and handsomest of residences, and it is here that secessionism prevails and flaunts itself more extensively than in any other resident portion of Baltimore. I have been told that there is scarcely a house in this vicinity which is not a representative of secession. Unlike other parts of the city there is no display of the Stars and Stripes here. The inmates of these beautiful houses affect a contempt for Federal troops and everything pertaining to loyalty and the Union. The monument so near their doors which speaks more eloquently than tongue or pen can express of him who was the Father and Savior of the country that they are now trying so ruthlessly to destroy and curse with the hideous and gigantic evil of anarchy, which proclaims in terms more graphically than language can portray the cost and worth of the Federal Government that they would delight to see a heap of ruins. This marble structure commemorative of the character and deeds of Washington has no effect of impression on those in its neighborhood who are infected with secessionism (of) the great magnitude of that evil and of their crime in favoring and advocating it. At Fort McHenry there is a large columbiad pointed directly to this disloyal part of the city, the knowledge of which fact, doubtless, telling with better effect on the secession element here than the beautiful monument which we have described.

Last Sunday (April 13), as you are aware, was the day recommended by the President to the people of the United States for rendering thanks to Almighty God, in their accustomed places of public worship, for our recent great victories. I think I am safe in saying that very few of the clergy of Baltimore responded to the President’s proclamation. At the church we attended that day, there was no rendering of thanks by the minister to our Heavenly Father for late inestimable blessings vouchsafed to us, and some of the Protestant Episcopal clergy here were so disobedient – to use no stronger expression – to their Bishop of this State, as to omit entirely the reading of the prayer for Union victories, which he, the Bishop, had composed for this occasion and transmitted to the clergymen within his diocese. Surely this was an open commission of disloyalty, both to the church and the State, for if I have been informed rightly, it is the duty of the clergymen to obey the Bishop of his diocese, whenever he may compose forms of prayer or thanksgiving for extraordinary occasions, no matter whether these forms are consonant with the clergyman’s feelings, or ideas of propriety, or not. In the one case the authority is unquestionable, and in the other, obedience is the only rule. I do not say that these Episcopal clergymen are not loyal Union men, for I presume they claim to be. The principal, if not the only reason assigned for not thanking God for Union victories is probably this, that allusion to the matter would produce unpleasantness of feeling and be distasteful to some members of the congregation, and therefore better to keep such an “agitating topic” out of sermons and prayers. What a pity, what an awful sin it would be for loyal people to publicly thank God for the success that has attended the Federal arms because, forsooth, as somebody has remarked, it would be distasteful to the friends and sympathizers of the traitors who are in armed rebellion against the Government. “Since when,” the same person pungently asks, “has loyalty been less sensitive than treason, or less respectable?” In some of the Episcopal churches here, where prayer and thanks were offered for Union victories, those present who were tainted with treason arose from a kneeling attitude, when this form of prayer was introduced in the service. This is one of the many tythes that secessionism assumes. Praying for one’s enemies doesn’t belong to its creed.

I intended saying a few words relative to the feeling and sentiments entertained here among some of the true loyalists and Unionists of the city, respecting the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia. My letter is too long to admit of my saying more than a single word on the subject. The majority of the Unionists here consider the introduction and discussion of the matter as entirely uncalled for and impolitic at the present time, to say the least, and their sincere wish is that, though the Abolition Bill has passed both Houses, the President will veto it. (19) Not only do they regard that legislation for the subject was all unnecessary at the present time, but they think that Congress has not acted in good faith towards the State of Maryland. It has not consulted her wishes in the matter, has apparently ignored her loyalty, and against the protests of her representatives at Washington, has pushed forward and passed a measure whose direct tendency will be to annoy and alarm the people of the State, and occasion on the part of her loyal citizens, a loss of confidence in the Administration to protect inviolate the integrity of the Union and the Constitution. They believe that this will be the effect among Union men in States further South, or in the Border States. These are the sentiments of a staunch Union man here with whom I conversed last evening, and they are but the reflection of most of the Union citizens of Baltimore. May the noble spirit of conservatism displayed thus far by the President and his Cabinet in relation to the institution of slavery by which they have won the confidence of the nation – continue to be exercised, for if not, we are fearful that repeated great victories over the enemies of our country will by no means give peace and prosperity to the land.

This morning, Lieut. Reynolds and Orderly Sergeant Bower, with eleven new recruits, returned, and the company gave them a most cordial welcome. They brought with them a number of articles for several of the boys, and our acknowledgments are due to Wallace Darrow, Esq., for his kind remembrances to us, in the shape of magazines, papers and other interesting reading.

The company have not received their pay yet for January and February, although it is six weeks since they were mustered in for pay. The boys begin to think the Paymaster has given them the slip. His appearance is prayed for with a wonderful fervor. The delay in the matter is attributable to the fact that the Western troops – all honor to the brave and gallant fellows – and the Navy, have been payed off first. (20)

The weather here is beautiful. May weather in Rochester is April weather in Baltimore.

A rumor is circulating in our camp this morning that the secessionists here have been laying a plot for the past three weeks, to capture Federal Hill. It is doubtless all a hoax, however. G.B.

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore, Md.
April 21st, 1862
(Appeared Monday, April 28, 1862)

Dear Union: -- We have at last received “marching orders.” They came yesterday, as all such orders generally come on Sundays. The very pleasant quarters we have occupied for the past eight weeks are to be vacated, and we are to go – well, our friends needn’t be alarmed as we divulge the place of our destination, neither need you fear, Mr. Editor, incurring the penalty attached to the violation of military rules, respecting the publication of army movements.

Our marching orders are, to vacate the building known as Stewart’s Mansion, and go into camp or into tents. We are at liberty to pitch our tents right beside of the house if wished, or any where else on the grounds. We shall remove just west of the stables, and encamp in a small grove of large and noble trees. The cook and eating houses, stables, and other buildings which are used, will be retained by the company. The object of our removal is, that the house we are quartered in may be appropriated for hospital purposes. It is large and commodious, and well-adapted to the accommodation of the sick. It is not for this class, however, for those who are suffering with disease, that the building is to be used, but for the brave men who may be wounded at the contemplated great battle on the plains of Yorktown. (21) In anticipation of this terrible conflict, extensive preparations are making in Baltimore for the accommodation of the wounded. The Adams House, and other large hospitals here, are being cleared of all the convalescents, for this purpose, and barracks now occupied by regiments are to be converted into hospitals for the wounded. The Delaware Regiment, quartered near us, are ordered to vacate their barracks. It is a sad thought, that the wicked war which has been forced upon us, should oblige the making of preparations for the comfort and relief of our fellow-countrymen, for those, perhaps, that may be allied to us by the relations of blood or friendship, who must, as a consequence of defending and saving their country, be made to suffer the horrors of this war, a war instigated by the blackest treason and rebellion the world ever saw. No better town or city could be selected for this sad object, than the city of Baltimore. The sick or wounded soldier will be cared for here with all the kindness and tenderness of friendly and Christian affection. The Union ladies of Baltimore are devoted in their interests for the good and welfare of Union soldiers. They visit them when sick, and minister by word and deed to their comfort.

We shall vacate our “mansion” to-morrow or next day, not without some regret, we must confess, but considering the beneficient use for which it is to be appropriated, we shall leave our pleasant dwelling without a word of complaint and take up our abode once more in cotton houses. It may be better for the company to “tent out,” now that warm weather is fast approaching. A very bad time just at present to pitch tents. It has been raining hard all day, and to-night the rain is pouring in torrents, attended with strong wind. This storm must necessarily delay the operations of our army at Yorktown. Have you not observed that Gen. McClellan, ever since he took command of the army of the Potomac, has had to contend, more or less, with the elements of mud, rain, snow, and of nature generally? These, combined with his envious and conspiratous defamers and enemies, have been enough to dishearten the greatest genius and most magnanimous spirit; but Gen. McClellan, in the face of all opposition and the malignancy of the bitterest foes, has steadily and boldly, though noiselessly, gone forward in the discharge of his duties, and a grateful country will yet, we believe, acknowledge the greatness of his manly and military character. Shame on those who decry against our military chieftain and seek to destroy his reputation as a soldier and a General. (22) Don’t blame us for wishing to be among the thousands whom he has gathered about him to fight, it is hoped, the last great battle which shall prove a death blow to rebellion and vindicate the authority and majesty of the American Government. We have no love for the battle field, and yet where ought a soldier to be if not there when there is fighting to be done? We console ourselves with the reflection that our battery is kept as a kind of reserved force, and as a result of this reflection, flatter ourselves that we are rendering all the service we can for our country.

Last Friday afternoon (April 18), we had an engagement with some of the late natural enemies of Gen. McClellan just alluded to. It took place on the open field, on our drill ground, and I venture to say, that in point of terrific and grand scenes associated with a fiercely and desperately contested battle, it will compare very favorably. While drilling that afternoon, the heavens, which looked a little threatening in the horizon when we turned out to drill, suddenly became darkened with black and heavy clouds, and both earth and sky assumed a most portentious appearance. Sharp flashes of lightning leaped from cloud to cloud, followed by the distant rumbling and loud report of thunder, and all of a sudden, a terrible gale sprung up, which for a few minutes prevailed with the greatest fury. We were in the act of firing, retiring with cartridges, when the gale commenced, but in an instant we found our selves enveloped in a perfect cloud of dust, which so blinded us that neither officers nor men could hardly distinguish any part of the battery. It was impossible to continue firing, and the command “cease firing” was speedily given. Soon the rain began to fall in drops almost big as a pea, made so by the driving, pelting wind, and for a while it was which should have the supremacy, the dust or the rain. The latter triumphed, and everything being clear before us now, we resumed drilling despite the storm. – But it was not long before we had to capitulate. The elements were too much for us. Heaven’s Artillery entirely eclipsed the Artillery of Battery “L.” How faint the cannon’s roar beside the roar of thunder. What the sublimity of a battle field, with tens of thousands engaged in the deadly strife, compared to the sublimity exhibited by nature, when clouds and darkness, lightning and thunder, storm and tempest, are the manifestations of her power! We beat a retreat to our camp thoroughly drenched with the rain and acknowledging our defeat.

Last Saturday was the anniversary day of the 19th of April, 1861, which will ever be a memorable day in the annals of the city of Baltimore. Madness and treason openly manifested itself here on that day, and for a time it seemed as if the city must follow the direful fate which has befallen the city of Richmond. It was a day of indescribable excitement and terror to the loyal citizens of Baltimore. They thought surely that their beautiful city must be reduced to the “blackened ruin” of secessionism, and for a few days it appeared to have undisputed sway. But treason and madness did not prevail. Loyalty and patriotism, assisted by the strong hand of Government, triumphed over the rebellious designs of those striving to overthrow and destroy the Federal Government. A year ago and the American flag was not allowed to be exhibited here, but was hauled down wherever displayed. How different the scene presented last Saturday. The Stars and Stripes were waving from many a house top and public building, streaming from windows and from the gaff of numerous vessels lying quietly in the harbor, and presenting an appearance such as our national banner can only present when unfurled to the breezes of Heaven. It was a goodly sight, and proclaimed the loyalty of the Monumental City.

On Saturday evening there was another arrival here of Confederate prisoners, consisting of four Lieutenants, four Sergeants, three Corporals and fifty-six privates. They were captured near Winchester. With one exception they were all members of Ashby’s Black Horse Cavalry. That celebrated rebel corps seems to have been pretty well worsted by our troops. The prisoners are dressed without regard to similarity of uniform, and are confined in one of the city prisons in the town, their ultimate destination being, probably, Fort Delaware. (23) It is said that many of them have remarked that they would gladly return to their accustomed peaceful avocations were they not prisoners of war. They were persuaded to take up arms against the Government by “intimidation and gross misrepresentation,” and were kept in a state of ignorance in relation to the cause and object of the war. G.B.

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore, Md.
May 1, 1862
(Appeared Monday, May 5, 1862)

Dear Union: The pleasant locality of our tents and the comfortable arrangement of them, make us like living in cotton houses one story high and about nine by twelve feet in size, better than dwelling in the large two and a-half story brick mansion which we have lately vacated. Our present situation doesn’t command such a fine view of the city and its environs as the house we occupied does, but looking back of our camp distant hills and woods meet the eye, while here and there are scattered splendid residences and elegant buildings, among which is the House of Refuge, a very large stone edifice quite imposing in appearance. Gardens and well cultivated farms can be seen, and far away six or seven miles there is standing very conspicuously a tree “solitary and alone,” which marks the location of the Relay House, one of the many places that has been made famous by the great rebellion. (24) A beautiful private residence, the same distance to the Relay House, presents itself plainly to view. On the summit of Mount De Sales, some four miles away, is a Catholic Convent, which is clearly visible, and in another direction may be seen an Asylum for the Aged and Infirm, over which floats the Star Spangled Banner.

We are encamped exactly where the 8th Mass. Regiment were for two months last spring or summer, and the recollections of this noble and patriotic corps give an interest to the spot. The men’s tents are pitched opposite each other in two rows, and facing them at one end are the officers’ tents. Every tent is nicely floored and under the cover of oak and chestnut trees. It may be that we shall soon receive orders to strike our tents, but so long as we remain here we mean to live as comfortably and pleasantly as possible, which certainly ought not to be inconsistent with a soldier’s life.

The other day we visited Federal Hill, the name of which is doubtless familiar to many of your readers. (25) It is here where our company expected to encamp on leaving Washington. To the 5th N.Y. Regiment or Duryee Zouaves is assigned the credit of making this place the strong fortification that it is. This regiment had the supervision of the work of throwing up the embankments, which are entirely of clay, as is the whole hill. Four hundred men were employed to do the work, and what was almost a barren hill soon presented a bristling, warlike and habitable aspect. The Marine Tower or Observatory was kept here as it now is, from whence boat and ship signals are given. The marine glass in this tower is of great magnifying power, as with it you can distinctly discern the colors of a flag, twenty-five or thirty miles distant. The fortifications extend over three or four acres of ground, and are in the form of a square, or I may say a star, as the several bastions standing out from the embankments give it that appearance. The embankments are boarded on the inside, are about four feet high, ten or twelve feet in width at the top, and descend in a slope. Some thirty or forty heavy cannon and mortars are mounted on and within this clay rampart, including some 8-inch Columbiads and four or five street-sweepers, as they are called. These sweepers are large howitzers, and a single look at them will satisfy any person of their perfect ability to sweep any street clean as a whistle, especially if needed to be cleared of everything tainted with secessionism. They are, or can be so arranged, as to sweep terror and death through the streets of Baltimore. The barracks in this fortification are wooden, built in the shape of a square, and are kept scrupulously neat. The high eminence on the hill commands a view of the whole city and for miles around it, and in its immediate neighborhood are several extensive Iron Foundries and Factories; also a Glass Factory for blowing and cutting glass. Federal Hill is at present occupied by the 3d N.Y. Infantry Regiment, under command of Col. (Samuel M.) Alford. It will be recollected that this is one of the regiments engaged in the battle of Big Bethel, which resulted so unfavorably to our arms. (26) It has been stationed here in Baltimore for eight months, and is now pronounced one of the finest drilled and best disciplined regiments in service. Officers and men are anxious to give ocular demonstration on the field of battle, that they are meriting this high consideration.

Yesterday we received a call from Tom Granniss, so familiarly known to many of the citizens of Rochester, where he lived for several years. That mysterious order, which came and went like a meteor, the Sons of Malta, have vivid recollections of him, no doubt. Rochester is indebted to him for many a can and keg of good oysters, in which trade he has been engaged for the past ten years. He, or the firm, Granniss & Taylor, have one of the largest oyster shops or depots in the country. It is located along the dock of the river, and the amount of oysters it receives and turns out every year is immense. During the busy season, as many as ten tons a day, in the shell are opened and put into cans and kegs. This is equivalent to about three hundred and fifty gallons of solid oysters. They are opened in a large room, where boxes or small troughs are stationed, on each of which is a knife, something in the shape of a chisel. The small and large oysters are kept separate as the shells are opened, and taken into another room where they are strained. They are then canned or kegged. Mr. Granniss informed us that they had expended for tin cans, the past winter, some eighteen thousand dollars. The oyster shells, a stack of which we saw as large as a good-sized house, are sold for land purposes. They are burnt and scattered on the soil, which they improve and fertilize. Virginia has always been a great market for these shells, but her “sacred soil” has not been permitted to receive any from Yankee hands, and thus become polluted, since she repudiated the wise teachings and lofty principles of the many Presidents whom she justly claims as having furnished the country, and espoused those of the iniquitous Jeff. Davis and his traitorous coadjutors.

Yesterday our company was mustered in for pay for the last two months services. They haven’t received pay yet for the previous two months, but on Saturday of this week the Paymaster – whom the boys advertise in camp as being “greatly wanted” – has promised to show himself positively. Uncle Sam’s new treasury notes will be thoroughly appreciated in our midst, when received.

To-morrow we are ordered to turn out with the battery and drill with Brig. General Cooper’s Brigade, consisting of the 1st Regiment Maryland Cavalry, 111th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, 3d Regiment Maryland Volunteers, 4th Battalion Maryland Volunteers, and our own company. (27) The regiments, etc., will form in a field about two miles from our camp at eight o’clock in the morning, and then march six or eight miles. Advance, Main Body and Rear Guards will be formed, and we are to go through a course of instruction as if preparatory to taking the field of battle.

The weather is anything but favorable to-night for field instruction to-morrow, -- but soldiers are not supposed to consider the state of the weather. I will merely observe, by way of license, that we are having a wet and muddy time just at present.

The fall of New Orleans into Federal hands, has caused much joy among the Union people here, but “secesh” feels and looks very much distressed over the news, which it tries to flatter itself, is a mere Yankee invention. Yes, an invention which the rebels would like dearly to improve or imitate. (28)

Mr. Geo. Peck, formerly of Rochester, called on us to-day. He is just from Yorktown, or rather from before it, where he spent several days with our army. He reports everything going on finely and satisfactorily there. Everybody is busy, though everything is done quietly, from Gen. McClellan down to the lowest private. Thirty thousand troops are engaged daily in digging entrenchments. Two hundred batteries are in the field, ready to deal death and destruction to the enemy. Seventy heavy siege guns have been mounted. Many more are to follow suit. Our troops are in good spirits, and ready for the encounter, bloody and desperate as it may be. McClellan is loved and trusted. Talk about his doing nothing. He is working like a Napoleon, and with the God of Battles to bless his labors, the result of his work will be glorious. I hope I have not divulged anything “contraband” in reporting what was told to me concerning army matters or movements at Yorktown. G.B.

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore, Md.
May 5th, 1862
(Appeared Monday, May 12, 1862

Dear Union: -- Boom, boom, went the cannon early this morning as I sat in my tent reading the glorious news of the evacuation of Yorktown. (29) The firing was evidently in close proximity to my little cotton domicile, and up I suddenly jumped to see what it all meant. It couldn’t be that the rebel army had come to Baltimore and was cannonading the city. It couldn’t be that the Merrimac had made her appearance in the harbor here, and to the great joy of the secesh population was frightening and terrifying the good Union people of the town. (30) No, nothing of this character was the cause of the firing, but the chief of the left section of Reynolds’ Battery, Lieut. Reynolds, could not consistently forbear giving demonstrations of his enthusiastic feelings which had been aroused by the intelligence from Yorktown, and so he had ordered out his two rifled pieces on the brow of a small hill facing the city, and was giving a salute of thirty-four guns in honor of the great event. The sharpness and loudness of every report awakened the whole neighborhood, far and near, for the sun had not been up very long, and before the firing ceased our camp was visited by several Union men who came to mingle their joy and congratulations with our own over the electrifying intelligence of the sudden flight of the rebel forces from their great stronghold. Loud cheers rent the air over this last success of our army, and still louder cheers ascended for the military hero, Gen. Geo. B. McClellan. The concluding words of his brief but most important dispatch to the Secretary of War, “I shall push the enemy to the wall,” have prepared us for the reception of the news of the capture of Richmond, and when it comes, as it seems it must inevitably come, our whole battery will give a salute which I wish might be heard by the good citizens of Rochester. Great have been the rejoicings to-day here in Baltimore among the loyal people of the city. Every private house and building which is the habitation of loyalty and patriotism, displayed the Old Flag at an early hour this morning, and a stranger visiting the place not knowing that there was a strong element of secessionism here, would have declared, as he looked through the different streets and beheld the Stars and Stripes floating from so many buildings, that this was a Union city indeed, Union everywhere.

But what do you think, the secessionists had circulating yesterday in the shape of what they pronounced most glorious news. Why, intelligence had been received from unquestionable authority announcing the repulse of Gen. Halleck and retreat of his army six miles. His troops had been greatly slaughtered, and Beauregard was driving all before him. (31) Knots of secesh could be seen congregated at the corners of streets, and they were relating the news to one another, chuckling over it, and laying the flattering unction to their credulous souls, that the Confederate Government was now an established institution, beyond all peradventure. Poor, deluded, easily duped men! So eager are they to catch at any small straw that will tickle their secession and rebellious fancy that they will believe anything reported in favor of the Southern cause. Sunday is their favorite day for the origination and circulation of rumors encouraging to rebeldom, and as certain as the Sabbath day is to dawn, so certain will there be defeat and terrible disaster to the Federal army and victory and triumphant success to the Confederates. It has got to be a sure thing here that whenever the secessionists report a rebel victory or success on Sunday, just the contrary is the truth, as was illustrated in this morning’s news respecting the onward and vigorous movements in Gen. Halleck’s department. Never has secesh in Baltimore looked more wry and downcast than it has to-day. May the news of every coming day but make it look more and more so, until it shall look so badly, so distortedly, that it will never dare to show its face again.

In my letter of the 1st inst. I mentioned our receiving orders to turn out the next day for a brigade drill or review. At night roll call the company were informed what was to take place on the morrow, and every member was requested to be up and ready at an early hour in the morning for the expected affair. Morning came, and with it came clouds and rain, but the driver’s call was blown, the horses were harnessed and hitched, the officers appeared with sashes and drawn sabres, and soon the command came, “drivers and cannoneers mount. By piece from the right, front into column; forward, march.” By this time it had ceased raining, and there were prospects of a pleasant day. We proceeded to the spot where the line of march was to be formed, to McKim’s Place, a distance of two or three miles from our camp, a place of beautiful locality, where we encamped for a night and day on our arrival in Baltimore from Washington.

The streets are paved here with large cobble stones, and in driving or riding over them even with a light conveyance, there is no little noise created. Just imagine what a thunderlike tone and racket there must be when we are parading through the streets with our twelve heavy gun carriages and caissons, each weighing about 3,800 pounds, accompanied by some eighty-three horses. I venture to say, more than one person’s sleep was disturbed that morning, and the awakening thoughts of many must have been about earthquakes, and a general breaking up of things terrestrial. On reaching the place of our destination, we found a regiment of infantry forming in line, preparing, apparently, for the drill and review. We halted and after remaining so several minutes, the Adjutant General of General Cooper’s staff came riding up to inform our Captain that the review would be postponed till the weather was more clement. That was enough. We had fulfilled orders to the letter, and now we might do as we pleased – return immediately to camp, or go off on a marching tour. We chose the latter, and after a march through a number of streets, cross-streets and thoroughfares, we found ourselves on Broadway, at the extreme eastern part of the city. Broadway, Baltimore, is not Broadway, New York, but then the street is exactly what it is said to be. A broad way in every sense of the word, broader than two, yes I may say, three Broadways in New York City. Broad enough for Reynolds’ battery of artillery to manoeuvre together at close intervals, which it did seemingly to the wonder and gratification of the residents of this street. After performing a series of evolutions, the company returned to camp, hoping to see the paymaster that afternoon, but he didn’t come. There did come however another order to the effect, that the review which was to occur that day would transpire the next day at the same hour, “weather permitting.”

The next day came, as did the preceding one, but attended with no rain, no clouds, but instead thereof, a bright sun, a clear, blue sky; in fact, it was a lovely morning, and promised to be a most lovely day, which promise proved true. At the same hour, in the same manner, and at the same place, the company promptly reported itself, and Gen. Cooper, with staff, made his appearance, ready to take command of the brigade, which was made up as stated in my last communication, with one exception. One of the Maryland regiments was absent. The order of column was as follows: First, a small body of cavalry, acting in the capacity of skirmishers, or a scouting party. Then a company of cavalry, followed by the right section of our battery, the latter under command of Lieut. Loder, and two companies of infantry. These constituted the advance portion of our little army. At quite an interval came the main body, consisting of an infantry regiment of Pennsylvania volunteers, a battalion of Maryland volunteers, the remaining two sections of Battery L and several companies of cavalry. The rear guard was made up of one or two cavalry companies and an infantry company detached from the Pennsylvania volunteers. The whole command numbered about 2,500 men, and took up its line of march on what is called the York Road, a turnpike road, nicely Macadamized and covered, some parts of it, with sand or gravel. (32) We passed, at the commencement of our march, Green Point Cemetery, which beautiful spot is a fit resting place for the silent dead. It contains one of the most beautiful gothic chapels or temples I ever saw, located on a rise of ground whose green carpet and handsome trees render it a most charming and attractive sight. The entrance to the cemetery is a very large and fine stone doorway, and a stone wall surrounds the place. We observed a stream of clear, crystal water running through a kind of stone acqueduct built at one side of the cemetery. Beautiful monuments and burial lots met our eye, and our attention was particularly directed to the large number of stone sepulchres constructed along two or three pretty green embankments. We counted as many as twenty-five that fell within our observation.

We did not anticipate, on going into the country six or eight miles, finding such a continued series of magnificent dwelling houses and residences. Neither did we anticipate seeing such a beautiful, romantic, picturesque country in every direction we chose to look. We had long come to the conclusion that Baltimore is a very beautiful city, but we did not think that the surrounding country, in point of splendid houses, private residences and the like, was equally, if not surpassingly beautiful to the city. The beauty and picturesqueness of the scenery seemed to increase the further we went. Here, a beautiful residence, situated far back from the road, nestling in a grove of trees, with acres of rich land surrounding it, and winding roads, lined with oaks and evergreens, leading to the house. There, a magnificent farm, with the soil in a state of the highest cultivation, with waving fields of green wheat, with extensive orchards, and beautified with a large and elegant building of the Gothic or Doric style of architecture, possessing every appearance of a home-like character. And thus, on both sides of the road, and far as the eye could extend, there was a beauty and loveliness of scenery, a magnificence of landscape and an elegance of country homes. The country is just rolling enough to give it a diversity of character that relieves it of all monotony. The soil is of a sandy nature, adapted to the cultivation and growth of almost everything. It is splendidly tilled, and is property that commands a very high price.

We must not neglect to mention the beautiful and magnificent place of Wm. McDonald, the owner of the world renowned animal, Flora Temple, which has created such a furore all over the continent, among lovers and admirers of fast horse flesh. (33) His residence is about four miles from the city, located on and facing both York Road and Charles street avenue, the latter running parallel with the former. His grounds cover some three hundred acres of land, beautifully adorned with trees and grass plots. The house, a large, elegant Gothic structure, standing on a high eminence, leading up to which is a fine circular gravel road, and in front of which is a beautiful fountain. Statuary graces the grounds, and elk and deer may be seen grazing and gamboling among the groves of trees. At the right of the house is, I was about to remark, another fine house, but no, it is a barn, the residence of the favorite and costly Flora, and some forty other horses. Mr. McDonald is said to be very attentive to all who visit his place, ready and willing to show the interior of his beautiful mansion and handsome stables to any desirous of seeing them. For the benefit of the “sporting gentry,” I will add that McDonald is getting Flora in trim for another season of exhibition of her wonderfully fast trotting qualities.

But let us come back to our little army. The column presents a very fine and interesting appearance. It affords us an excellent idea of how a large army of troops look when marching to the field of battle. The infantry are allowed to carry their arms any way they please, and to march without regularity of step. Some of them keep in line while others fall out of the ranks and straggle along the road. This leaving the ranks and loitering behind is not allowed, I believe, in army marches, unless absolute necessity requires it. The artillery and cavalry ride their horses and sit on the ammunition chest, the laziest manner possible. Some of the riders dismount and walk, leading their horses. The command, “attention,” will now and then be given, which is taken up by the respective commanders and repeated along the column. Everybody is required to give heed to the command, promptly, and the strictest silence is observed. In Germany and other European countries, when armies are marching, the men are at liberty to sing, and one of the staff of Gen. Cooper – who is a foreigner – informed us, that a soldier will sometimes commence a song, which is immediately caught up and sung by the whole army. The Pennsylvania Volunteers, consisting of many Germans, would occasionally break the monotony of our march by strains of vocal music.

We have almost reached the pretty village of Tousantown, over which are floating two beautiful emblems of our country’s nationality. We have marched six or seven miles. The infantry are pretty much “used up,” some of them all “tugged out,” for it is quite warm, though very fortunately there is no dust. The command comes to “halt.” Riders, drivers and cannoneers dismount. Guns are stacked. It is time to attend to the “inner man,” whose wants are very great and urgently pressing. Officers and men seek shelter under trees or in the shade, and seat or stretch themselves on the grass. Haversacks are opened and emptied of their contents. Canteens, filled with cold coffee or “Adam’s ale,” are passed around, and soon the appetite is appeased with a plain and frugal meal, and thirst is quenched with beverages that will not intoxicate. We are not allowed to rest but a few minutes before the command “attention,” is again heard, the drums beat, the men resume their posts, and – well, he expects to resume the march onward, to a field of some kind where we thought we were to be drilled.

The drill consists of a march only. The head of the long column is commanded to make a reverse. Our small army turns about and retraces its way back from where we started. We pass General Dix and staff and General Cooper and staff in review. Every man’s head and eyes are to the front. We flatter ourselves that our battery makes as creditable an appearance as any company in the brigade. I need not tell you that the army attracted much attention; how the inmates of dwellings along the road, as they heard the music, the tramp of horses and the rattle of carriages, opened the windows and came running out to witness the imposing sight. Some of them waved their hats and their handkerchiefs, and some of them of small growth looked in wonder at the spectacle. There were many black faces presented to view; one, we remember, a little fellow, whose visage was dyed in the blackest hue. The black population in the country distinguish their houses by whitewashing them. Judging from appearances they seem to be the happiest of mortals. Are they the sole cause of the rebellion? I for one don’t believe it. But if the rebellion can be crushed and the government sustained only by proclaiming freedom to the blacks who are confined in slavery, let it be done; but, never mind, we will not express our opinion now on so intricate a subject, for we havn’t the time, and, besides, we have burdened your columns already with altogether too much matter. Let me say that soon after our arrival at camp from the march and review the Paymaster made his appearance, and never was a person received by a body of men with more cordiality than this happy dispenser of Uncle Sam’s government funds was by Capt. Reynolds’ Company. In a very short time some three thousand dollars were distributed to the company, several hundred of which the boys have sent home to their families and for safe keeping.

There have been two or three desertions from the company recently. We do not mourn over their loss and have taken little pains to capture the deserters. The old proverb, “in every flock there is a black sheep,” has proved true time and again. Unfortunately there were a few of these black sheep that managed to get into our company. They have now left us in the most sheepish manner, and as they must be lost to all shame, of course they have no objections to their names being recorded in public print. Here they are, John Edwin Seelye and Peter J. Collins of Rochester. G.B.

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore, Md.
May 13, 1862
(Appeared Monday, May 19, 1862)

Dear Union: About three weeks ago it was currently reported in our camp and outside that Reynolds’ Battery had received orders to go to Yorktown and join the great army of the Potomac. The report, though not of an official character, we were disposed to credit, and for a while every time a messenger rode up to Capt. Reynolds’ headquarters with an official document in his hand, he was supposed to convey the expected marching orders. What were the services of the company worth here to what they might be on the plains of Yorktown? Of what real benefit were the six splendid rifled cannon with which the battery is supplied here in this now loyal city of Baltimore? Certainly it seemed to us all that we could be spared from Baltimore just as well as not. And then we had a soldier’s wish and a soldier’s ambition. Though not coveting a sight of the horrors illustrated on the field of battle, nor unduly desirous of participation in deadly strife with the foes of our country which might disable many of the company for life or cost them the sacrifice of it, we felt – naturally felt – a strong desire to be more actively engaged in doing service for our country. The marching orders came, however, and the report was regarded unfounded. Shortly after the circulation of it, Capt. Reynolds had occasion to write to Gen. Barry, Chief of Artillery, and at the close of his letter he expressed a wish that his company might go into the field, if consistent, mentioning how the time had been improved in artillery practice since coming to Baltimore and the gratification expressed at the proficiency the company had acquired in drill, etc., by military men and officers. Last week Capt. Reynolds received a reply to his communication, which I shall take the liberty of copying verbatim, that it may be seen it is no fault of the company their not encountering the enemy. The remark has been made to us here since the achievement of the recent great Federal victories that, if we do not take the field very soon we shall have no opportunity of winning for ourselves any practicable laurels in helping to crush the rebellion. The same, or a similar remark, we have heard coming from Rochester, and a surprise has been manifested that the company should be permitted to remain so inactive. The following letter speaks for itself:

Office of Chief of Artillery
Army of the Potomac,
Camp Before Yorktown, May 3, 1862
Captain: Your letter dated May 1st is received.
About two weeks ago the Secretary of War informed Major General McClellan that a portion of the Field Artillery of Gen. Dix’s Department was at his disposal if he desired.
Gen. McClellan referred the matter to me and I recommended that your Battery should be asked for. This was done, and it was my intention to assign you to the Division of Gen. Hamilton, 3d corps (Heintzelman’s) Army of Potomac.
I have been looking for your arrival daily and am now surprised to find that you have received no orders. Perhaps you might ascertain by enquiring at the office of Gen. Dix, Asst. Adjt. Gen., what the difficulty is.
I shall be very glad to see your wishes gratified and have you with us.
I am, Captain, very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
William F. Barry,
Brig.-Gen., Chief of Artillery
Capt. Reynolds, Commanding Battery L, 1st N.Y. Artillery, Baltimore.

On investigation the “difficulty” of our not having been ordered away as recommended by Gen. Barry, it appears that two Maryland batteries were sent in the place of Reynolds’ battery about the time the report I have mentioned was circulated, and this accounts for the rumor of our receiving marching orders. Doubtless Gen. Dix, in anticipation of going into the field himself – which it has been lately reported he is to do – thought proper to retain our company in his own division. The fact of the 3d N.Y. regiment, one of the very best regiments in the volunteer or in the regular army, being kept here is assurance that our own apparent “inactivity” is a matter of no discredit to the company. We mention this that in case we should be so unfortunate in the view of many to return home without having taken a fighting hand in the great conflict, it will be seen that the company did all they could to crush treason and rebellion and in the way of duty for their country.

Yesterday morning at an early hour the centre section of the battery, in command of Lieut. Anderson, fired a salute of thirty-four guns in honor of the capture of Norfolk, Portsmouth and the Navy Yard, and the destruction of the Merrimac. (34) As long as we are not allowed to fire at the enemy, we mean to fire at their defeat. It is the second best use for which our gunpowder can be appropriated. We are in constant expectation now of hearing the news of the fall of Richmond. With its fall may the Confederate army also fall as prisoners to the Federal forces, for it is the rebel army that Gen. McClellan is after. The capture of Richmond merely may but protract the war, but not so if the rebel army is “bagged” or destroyed.

Last Saturday (May 10), as your readers have been informed ere this, there was a large arrival here of wounded Federal and Confederate soldiers who fought at Williamsburg. (35) Some seven hundred were taken to the Adams’ House and National Hospital, and to Patterson Park. They are reported as doing well, and between four and five hundred of the wounded Federal troops are well enough to return home. About two hundred have already left, I have been informed, for their homes in a special train. The Confederates are in the large jail, a building that has very little of a jail aspect to it. It is a splendid structure, and its interior arrangements are very pleasant and comfortable, if a jail can thus be spoken of. The wounded are cared for with every attention.

One of the rebel prisoners brought here says that he knew nothing about the victories our army had gained until informed after his capture. He belonged to a North Carolina regiment, which fought desperately, resulting in its almost entire destruction. Very few escaped with their lives. He reports that the whole regiment was kept in gross ignorance relative to the triumphs of the Federal cause. Every means is used in rebel camps to suppress all news favorable to our side. He was obliged to enlist or jeopardize his life.

Almost every day I hear fresh accounts of the cruel and shameful treatment that Union people have suffered from rebel hands. It hardly seems possible that humanity can indulge in such atrocious, appalling wickedness. The doctrine of “total depravity” is being amply illustrated in the present rebellion. A ring was exhibited to me this morning as having been made by traitor’s hands from the bones of some poor soldier who was killed while engaged in the holy cause of defending and saving his country.

Last Friday afternoon (May 9) the Battery visited Druid Hill Park, a description of which was furnished in a former letter. It is now looking beautiful. The foliage of the trees are fresh and green; the verdure of the grass, the sweetness and fragrance of flower and blossom, the singing of birds, the picturesqueness of hill and dale, the pond, the winding roads – all this was a source of much enjoyment, and the profession of a soldier didn’t interfere with our appreciation of the beautiful scenery. The horses and carriages created some dust, and when we returned to camp we were the pictures of millers just from a flour mill.

While marching in the Park we witnessed some ridiculous demonstrations of female “secesh.” We met several carriages or hacks, containing representatives of secessionism, who we judged were such from their looks, but there were two carriages in particular, very fine equipages, each seating four ladies. They were drawn by elegant horses, driven by blacks dressed in liveried suits, and both establishments undoubtedly represented some of the bon ton of the city. As we approached them, the stars and stripes flying at the head of our long column, the occupants of the first carriage were heard to exclaim, “Oh, don’t look at those Yankees, at those nasty things that are coming.” Whereupon there was a great stir amongst them, as if something terribly hideous was to be encountered, and as the Battery passed them, they all turned their heads away, filled, no doubt, with disgust and indignation. Carriage No. 2, containing ladies, elegantly dressed, followed the first, and they too, to show their contempt and hatred for us despicable Yankees, veiled their faces and covered them with their hands, not deigning to cast a glance at us. What a pity that we sho’d have desecrated their beautiful park with the presence of our company! Unquestionably, they thought it a sacrilege, our being there. Perhaps they are more delighted at reading in the war telegraph reports as they appear from morning to morning, in the daily papers, than looking at an Artillery Battery. One true thing may be said of secessionists. They die hard. They have a faith in the ultimate success of their cause, which defeat after defeat doesn’t seem to shake. They cling to the hope of a final establishment of the Southern Confederacy with a tenacity which knows no yielding. Apparently, this is so. I heard a secesh lady say that it mattered not if all the Confederates were driven within the walls of Fort Sumter, they would come out victorious in the end. Such faith and hope are worthy of being exercised in a better cause, surely.

This afternoon we had a particularly lively and exciting drill. There was a number of spectators who witnessed the evolutions and firings. Over a hundred cartridges were fired which was announced in the papers here would be done in honor of the late victories. The battery went through every variety of field artillery manouvres.

On Thursday of this week we are to be reviewed again by Major General Dix and staff. G.B.

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore, Md.
May 16, 1862
(Appeared Tuesday, May 20, 1862)

Editors Union: Please permit me through the columns of your paper to allude to a matter of a personal character.

At the close of a communication written for your journal the 5th inst., mention was made of the fact of the desertion of two members from Reynolds’ Battery. The names of the deserters were written for publication for the following reasons:

First, It was done on the authority of Captain Reynolds, who is in command of the battery, and whose right and duty it is as a military commander to employ whatever means he may deem proper consistent with military rules for the enforcement of discipline in his company to punish the disobedient and to shame and arrest those who may desert from his command, by giving publicity to their names if thought necessary, and, in a word, whatever he (the Captain) regards requisite to be done for the good of his command he is at liberty to do and no questions are to be asked.

Second, Not only Captain Reynolds, but the other officers and several members of the battery desire that the deserters’ names should be published for the sake of justice and the interest and welfare of the company.

Third, The aggravated circumstances attending the desertion of the two men whose names were published, especially of one of them, authorized and warranted in a particular manner that the fact of their desertion should be made public.

Fourth, He who voluntarily enlists to do service for his country in this, her hour of trial and danger, and takes a solemn oath to that effect and then, just at a time when there is every prospect his services will most be needed, criminally breaks his oath and shamefully deserts the noble cause in which he enlisted, is justly deserving that his name should be made known though at the mortification and pain of the feelings of friends and relatives; and if such friends and relatives have at heart a true love and interest for their country, they will not complain, much less vilify, at a public reference to the disgraceful fact.

These are the reasons that caused me to mention the names of the two deserters in a recent communication to your paper, and I think that the “discerning public of Rochester” will justify my course.

Since the publication of that letter I have been made the recipient of an anonymous communication from Rochester, written, no doubt, by a near relative of one of the deserters, in which he upbraids and denounces me in language the most contemptible and uncharitable for “paining and injuring unnecessarily” the feelings of the deserters’ friends and relations, in consequence of my referring publicly to the fact of his desertion – accuses me of “infidelity, dishonesty and case hardness of heart” – refers to and dwells upon a family matter with all the rancor and revenge of a fallen spirit – and, in a word, tries, by an unlimited indulgence in the use of abusive language, false statements and base insinuations, to represent my case, or that of a relative, as one of the most “case-hardened” ever put on record. Surely, “among the discerning public of Rochester comment is unnecessary” on the spirit and nature manifested in such a letter, so totally uncalled for, and so very revengeful throughout its whole tone.

No wonder the writer of it was ashamed to attach his signature to the malicious document, to father the authorship of it. The author, whoever he may be, is entirely mistaken in flattering himself with the belief that “there are no pecuniary frauds attached to the late desertions.” The “aggravated circumstances” referred to as one of the reasons for publishing the name of one of the deserters, were requested, by some of the company, to be also made public in connection with the desertion; but consideration for the “natural feelings” of others withheld, and still withhold, a public notice of the same.

With the above remarks I dismiss the matter entirely. Very respectfully, George Breck.

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore Md.,
Monday, May 19, 1862
(Appeared Saturday, May 24, 1862)

Dear Union: We have just been reading your paper of last Friday’s issue, the first Union we have received for a week. You may rest assured it was welcomed, and its columns have been thoroughly read, and read with much interest. We wish that the Union came more regularly – and we blame the mail in the matter – for we always miss it when it fails to makes its daily appearance at our camp. One becomes readily attached to a good newspaper, and its arrival is looked for with almost the same eagerness that is felt in watching the expected coming of a friend. It is received and perused as gratefully and with as much pleasure as a friendly letter. This is particularly the case with the volunteer soldier, who welcomes and appreciates a home newspaper as much, if not more, than any other class of persons. It goes the rounds of a camp, and affords an unspeakable amount of interest and entertainment. What a lonesome, homesick life camp life would be were it not for the newspaper editor, especially the “local editor,” whose quill and scissors, and “special correspondence” are blessings that cannot be fully told. His daily collection of news items is worth more to a soldier whose home is where those items transpired, were collected and put into print, than a whole museum of natural and unnatural curiosities ever thought of being – Barnum’s not excepted.

But you will not thank me for expatiating on this subject to the neglect of furnishing your paper with something more interesting, in the shape of “news items.” Unlike many, if not all, of your other war correspondents, I am not, and have not been, in the scene of conflict, neither am I very near it at present, and therefore I am unable to communicate matters of intelligence pertaining directly to the scene of action, which have befallen my own experience or come within the scope of my own observation. Baltimore is a good place for hearing war news – news reliable and news unreliable. As an illustration of the latter sort: there was circulating here yesterday news of the defeat of Gen. Banks, with a loss of 10,000 men. This was one of the usual foolish Sunday sensation reports of the secessionists. (36) We awoke this morning expecting to hear of another great Federal victory – the capture of Richmond, for instance – as the last three or four consecutive Mondays mornings had brought glorious news of Federal successes, and we thought this Monday morning must do the same. But, for a wonder, the telegraph reported a repulse of our heretofore continued victorious naval fleet, on James River, and so our battery fired no salute in honor of another great victory gained, as it had done the two previous Monday mornings. (37) Of course secesh in Baltimore feels highly elated over the little repulse of our navy. Southern Confederacy stock began to look up immediately on receipt of the news, but how long it will remain up is another matter.

There has been another large arrival here today of sick and wounded soldiers. Many of them looked, as they landed and were carried from the boat, in a very sad condition, illustrating forcibly the casualties and horrors attendant upon war; but they were met with kind and sympathizing attention and have been well cared for. Some of them belong to the same regiment to which our battery is attached, and are from Company A.

The sick and wounded Confederates who were taken to the jail, as mentioned in my last letter, have since been removed to a commodious building near the Adams House Hospital. It is a curious fact that the wounded Confederates who have died here have all, without an exception, I think, taken the oath of allegiance to the Federal Government. They did so at their own request, and soon as the oath was administered the fear of death seemed to be removed in a great measure. A case was related to me yesterday of a sick Confederate soldier who was called upon by a lady secessionist. She told him she had brought him some delicacies and intimated there was no danger of his being poisoned if he eat what she had brought him. With his face flushed with anger he replied that he had never been so well taken care of in his life as he had been by the Union people of Baltimore, and he could get along without the assistance of Miss or Mrs. Secesh.

On Thursday last (May 15) our battery was reviewed in connection with the 1st Maryland Cavalry Regiment, by Gen. Dix and staff and Gen. Cooper and staff. It was intended to have a sham battle, the cavalry to charge on the battery while the battery was discharging blank cartridges. A great crowd of ladies and gentlemen gathered to witness the bloodless conflict, but it began to rain very hard before the review was over, the crowd dispersed, the Generals and staff retired from the field and the expected engagement didn’t take place. Since then part of the cavalry regiment have gone to Winchester to reinforce Gen. Banks or Gen. Shields.

Last Saturday (May 17) Gen. Cooper had his Brigade perform another march. The same battalions companies – excepting the full regiment of the First Maryland Cavalry, a portion of it having been ordered away as just stated above – that formed the first Brigade march – described in my communication of the 5th inst. – rendezvoused at Lafayette Square at 8 a.m. in an order similar to the first. The morning was lowering and there was every prospect of rain, but by 11 o’clock the clouds had broken away and the sun came out hot as you please. We took up our line of march on what is called the Hookstown road, a road leading into Pennsylvania, about forty miles from the city. It is a turnpike road, like that of York road – nicely Macadamized – and passes through a magnificent country. There are not so many beautiful residences as are to be found on York road, the country having a more farming aspect, and presenting a wilder appearance than the latter road.

We arrived in what is known as the neighborhood of Pikesville, about 11 ½ a.m., and rested in a large woods, where we refreshed ourselves with the rations provided previous to leaving camp. We encountered two enemies in and near the woods. The first was a huge black snake, some five feet long, which was gallantly attacked by the chief of the left section of our battery, with sabre in hand, assisted by two or three valiant comrades. The first stroke of the sabre arrested and stunned the retreating foe, and a few minutes more witnessed the death of the ugly reptile, of which, secessionism is a live and striking type.

The other enemy or enemies, I may say, were a real bona fide secession family, accidentally discovered while some of the army were reconnoitering in search of water. They found a well, and an old fashioned pump for obtaining the water therefrom, but the pump handle was chained. The “woman of the house,” verily, a bitter secesh, who entertained a perfect hatred towards Yankeedom, wasn’t going to have the waters of her well touched by the polluted lips of Yankee soldiers, no matter if they were dying from thirst. What was to be done? The soldiers’ throats were almost parched for want of some cool beverage. They had marched seven long miles, beneath the rays of a blazing sun; they had rested but once, during that long, tedious march; they were covered with dust, their eyes were filled with it, their ears were filled with it and they were dusty all over; they were tired, and many of the infantry, almost exhausted, what was to be done? Leave the woman in peace, and go away, with thirst unquenched by a single drop of water? She was a woman, but she was a secessionist, and secessionism was being illustrated in all its ugliness. Should it triumph? The soldiers thought not, and what they did, your readers can imagine. Dry throats were quickly moistened, empty canteens were replenished and I regret to say, that some of the soldiers, indignant at the conduct of the secesh, revenged themselves by visiting the lady’s dairy room, where they very improperly and unceremoniously emptied, for their benefit, every pan of milk that could be found.

We started for home, after resting about an hour, with our pieces and carriages decorated with flowers and greens obtained from the woods, laurels of our march and expedition. The boxwood tree abounds very plentifully here, and the white, four-leaf flower of the tree gives to the woods a very beautiful appearance. There is a profusion of wild flowers in the various groves and woods about Baltimore, and their variety, beauty and fragrance make the gathering of them a very great pleasure. The botanist has here a very extensive field for the study of his favorite science.

On our return march it was reported through the column that the whole brigade had received orders that day to join the army of the Potomac. The report created no little stir, but was not credited, and it afterwards proved there was no truth in it. We arrived at camp about 4 p.m., and thus ended our second march. What these marches mean – whether they denote any particular thing or not – I cannot say. Perhaps they are preliminary to taking the field, accustoming the men to long marches. Perhaps they are intended as a kind of recreation for the men. If the latter, the men “can’t see it in that light,” more especially the infantry. Artillery and cavalry have a decided advantage over infantry in this respect. Sore feet and wearied limbs they are exempt from. These marches, however, have furnished us an opportunity of seeing the surrounding country of Baltimore, and given us an idea of the topographical character of the State of Maryland. We shall be greatly mistaken, if after the war, many a Northern man who took arms in defense of his country does not seek and find a permanent home in this more Southern latitude. Maryland abounds in resources, and they will be improved by Northern labor and activity. In fact, one result of the present war may be the Northernizing – if I may be allowed the expression – of the South. The climate in this vicinity is very fine.

Yesterday there were divine services at our camp, or right in the rear of us, where the Second Eastern Shore Regiment are encamped. The services were conducted by the Chaplain of that regiment, the Rev. Mr. Walton, a young man full of the spirit of the Gospel, and a plain, energetic preacher, who takes much interest bodily as well as spiritually, in the good and welfare of the volunteer soldier. Our company are permitted to enjoy the benefit of his preaching, and a good Chaplain in a company or regiment is indeed a blessing.

I don’t suppose there is a city in the whole country where the Sabbath is better observed, so far as the city government can secure its observance, than in the city of Baltimore. The most stringent measures are enforced to prevent the sale of all intoxicating drinks in every shop or saloon, small or large, and every person found or reported selling so much as a glass of lager beer is heavily fined, and a severe penalty is attached to the breaking of this law. It is not a law on paper merely, but a live and practicable one. A drunken man in the streets here on Sunday is seldom to be seen, and this in a population of over 200,000 is certainly a matter of no little credit. The police force here numbers about three hundred men, and they are appointed for good behavior, which is an excellent plan as it becomes a paying object for a policeman to be a man and to perform the duties of his office faithfully always. The police force is under the management of three Commissioners, who are elected every four years. G.B.

Stewart’s Place, Baltimore, Md.
Sunday, May 25, 1862 – 4 p.m.
(Appeared Thursday, May 29, 1862)

Eds. Union and Advertiser: I have time to write a few lines only. We have received marching orders now, sure. Are ordered to Harper’s Ferry, with the whole battery, immediately. The orders came about an hour ago to get ready and start in two hours. Tents have been struck, baggage packed, and we shall be off to report to Gen. Rufus Saxton at the appointed time. (38)

Baltimore is all excitement to-day. The Unionists are feeling sadly, and yet bitterly, over the news of the repulse of Gen. Banks’ advanced troops. The 1st Maryland regiment is reported to have been all cut to pieces, and its brave Colonel is said to be among the killed. (39) The Colonel was a resident of this city, and very highly esteemed, even among the secessionists. The Union men are mourning his death, and their hatred of secessionism is being demonstrated to-day quite forcibly. There have been several fights in the streets since morning, in consequence of several secesh expressing their exultant feelings at the news of the recent defeat of the Federal arms. A Union man was stabbed to the heart, a short time since, so I have just been informed. He was a laboring man, but a brave, outspoken Unionist. The Union people have the control here, and are eager to avow their sentiments, though at the cost of life. At present they feel very bitter towards all secessionists, and will not allow, if they can help it, any person to talk in favor of secession. (40)

But I must close. There is every prospect that we shall now have an opportunity of trying the virtues of our battery. “Stonewall” Jackson has threatened to be at Harper’s Ferry, or in possession of it, within a few days. Time will decide that matter. G.B.

P.S. – Gen. Cooper and brigade have been ordered to Winchester and Harper’s Ferry. Part of the brigade have gone. We have been detached from the brigade from the fact that we have been assigned to the brigade of Gen. Saxton.

Transcribed And Donated By Bob MarcotteTranscribed And Donated By Bob Marcotte
​​​​​​​Robert E. Marcotte
Rochester, N.Y.
February 2005