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George, Fort
Description: Fort George (1), originally known as Fort Amsterdam upon its completion in 1626, was renamed Fort James by the British in 1664, upon the British Empire’s conquest of New Netherland. It was later renamed Fort William Henry in 1691 and Fort Anne or Queen's Fort in 1703. It was briefly reoccupied by the Dutch in 1673-74 and renamed Fort Willem Hendrick. It was renamed Fort George in 1714. The fort was partially destroyed by a fire in 1741 and was captured by the forces of the Continental Army in August of 1775. The fort’s northern bastions and ramparts were destroyed in February 1776, and in 1790, the structure was fully dismantled.
Fort George (2) was built in September of 1755 in Oswego County, New York. It was located in what is now Montcalm Park, at the intersection of Montcalm and West 6th Street. Along with Fort Oswego and Fort Ontario, Fort George was part of a formation of British fortifications in the region. It was sometimes referred to as New Fort Oswego, Fort Rascal, and West Fort. The structure was a 170-foot-long square which boasted a hospital, along with a barracks. The ramparts were planned to be 20 feet thick and 12 feet high. However, in the Spring of 1756, the construction was only partially completed. It was destroyed by French forces in August of that year, and only Fort Ontario was rebuilt in 1759.
In 1755, the village of Lake George, also known as Fort George (3) was established in Warren County to the south-east of Fort William Henry. The village was established following the Battle of Lake George that occurred during the same year. In 1759, improvements to the village began as the settlement became a base of operations for the forces of British General, Jeffery Amherst, to mount an advance against the French at Fort Ticonderoga. By May of 1775, the village was captured by Colonel Romans of the Continental Army. The village was abandoned in 1777 during the advance of British general John Burgoyne and was reoccupied after the Battle of Saratoga until it was surrendered again in 1780. Today, only the ruins of the bastion remain.
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(4) - In 1777, on Staten Island, a British fortified encampment was built at St. George. Today, the site can be found to the east of Broadway at 192nd Street and Audubon Avenue, on the west bank of the Harlem River. In November of 1776, the Continental Army established two redoubts at this location, but were later overrun by the British and Hessian forces during the empire’s invasion of New York. In 1778, the British expanded existing fortifications to include a blockhouse. In the Winter of 1779, Fort George was connected to Fort Tryon. The site of Fort George was briefly named Fort Clinton, but the change was soon reverted. Today, the site is home to George Washington High School.
County: New York
City, State: New York, New York
Conflict/Time Period: 1714, 1755, 1775, 1776
